# Census Database User Handbook (EN)

User Handbook of the "Census of the Reception of Antique Art and Architecture"  Database

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[Help Video: Census in 10 Minutes](/help-video-census-in-10-minutes)
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[The Census Database: Overview](/the-census-database-overview)
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[Examples of Typical Searches](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches)
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[Data Sets and Sources](/navigating-and-searching/data-sets-and-sources)
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[Search Functions](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions)
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[Filter Function](/navigating-and-searching/filter-function)
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[Options for Displaying Search Results](/navigating-and-searching/options-for-displaying-search-results)
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[Sort Function](/navigating-and-searching/sort-function)
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[Detail View](/navigating-and-searching/detail-view)
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[Data in the Census Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records)
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[Image Copyrights](/using-census-data/image-copyrights)
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[How to Reference Records in the Census Database](/using-census-data/how-to-reference-records-in-the-census-database)
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[User Accounts and Personal Collections](/using-census-data/user-accounts-and-personal-collections)
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[LOD: Other Methods of Accessing Census Data](/using-census-data/lod-other-methods-of-accessing-census-data)
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# Help Video: Census in 10 Minutes

{% embed url="<https://box.hu-berlin.de/f/47fcc9db988b4c6db883/>" %}


# Quick Start

The Census [database](https://database.census.de) can be used for research in different ways. In principle, the more precisely you know what you are looking for, the better your ability to narrow down your search results from the outset using a number of search functions.&#x20;

This section takes you through a series of steps to start using the database quickly. In-depth explanations of all features can be found in the other sections of this user guide.

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# Step 1: Locate the Search Mask

You can start a search directly from the home page of the database using the **Search** **Mask**:

<figure><img src="/files/yOjQtDF8WpsMnUMNciZM" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

The Search Mask consists of the following elements:

* The **Search Bar,** where keywords can be entered. Pressing the ENTER key or the magnifying glass symbol at the end of the line starts a search. More about the Search Bar can be found [here](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/the-search-bar).
* The **Advanced Search** function, which offers further search method&#x73;*.* More about Advanced Search can be found [here](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search).


# Step 2: Choose a Data Set to Search

Using the [Sources Menu](/navigating-and-searching/data-sets-and-sources) (Accessed under 'Choose a Data Set'), you can narrow your search to specific Object types in the Census database by clicking on the relevant boxes: 'Antique Monument', 'Postclassical Work', or both 'Antique Monument' and 'Postclassical Work'.

<figure><img src="/files/zMQFlVyEyU0fUbYucsac" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Make sure as well that "Census" is selected under Pools.

{% hint style="warning" %}
IMPORTANT: Selecting the data you wish to search is an important step. Make sure that you select Antique Monument, Postclassical Work, or both. Ensure that "Census" is checked under pools.
{% endhint %}

You can also optionally search the secondary Object types (Period, Location, Image, Person, Style, and Bibliography) by clicking on the relevant icons in the left-hand menu bar. For more about searching secondary Object types, go [here](/navigating-and-searching/data-sets-and-sources/the-side-bar-secondary-object-types).


# Step 3: Choose How to View Results

In the selection menu of the results view, you can choose between three different modes of viewing your search results.  More information about these different options can be found [here](/navigating-and-searching/options-for-displaying-search-results).

## Standard view

![](/files/58koKH6twWRVZ8IrRwHw)

In the standard view, results are displayed using preview images. This view is particularly suitable for searching for works of art and images.

## Text view

![](/files/gfjDASGWgTdoRbPB184V)

The most important information in the record is displayed in the text view. This view is particularly suitable when searching for data inside records (e.g. object history, bibliography, or provenance).

## Table view

![](/files/a1Kdo9lbi1Efo0tRFA56)

The table view shows all the information contained inside records, organised in horizontal rows.&#x20;

By clicking on the button with three dots, you can adjust the options in Standard view, Text view, or Table view.  You can include or exclude information visible in the search results, and adjust the number of records displayed on each page, from a minimum of 10 per page to a maximum of 1,000. You can find more about these settings [here](/navigating-and-searching/options-for-displaying-search-results).


# Step 4: Adjust Hierarchy Levels, if Desired

The data in the Census is organised [hierarchically](/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data): the [Pantheon](https://database.census.de/detail/150770), for example, is a top-level entry that includes numerous sub-entries underneath it (i.e., the cella of the Pantheon, the portico of the Pantheon, etc.). The [Codex Coburgensis](https://database.census.de/#/detail/60684) is a top-level entry that includes all of the pages of the Codex as sub-entries.

When searching the Census, search results are automatically limited to records at the 'top level' of the hierarchy (i.e. the top-level record for the entire Pantheon and the entire Codex Coburgensis). Only records that are at the top level (i.e. they are not subordinate to other records) will appear. &#x20;

Thus, by searching for the Pantheon, you will not see every subordinate part of the Pantheon displayed, or every page of the Codex Coburgensis appears in the search results for 'Codex Coburgensis'. These results will appear if you [open up the top level entry](/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data) to see subordinate records.

You can change this default setting by selecting 'All hierarchy levels' from the drop down hierarchy menu. The search will then result in records from all hierarchy levels. Using 'All hierarchy levels', records may appear more than once in search results, if they are positioned both at the top of a hierarchy and in a subordinate position in a hierarchy.

<figure><img src="/files/hDfdzvblWOypDEXAlfAD" alt="" width="264"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Step 5: Customize the Sort Menu

Adjust the order by which results are sorted using the Sort function.

<div align="left"><figure><img src="/files/htTfhO5vIcXSz8xnH2qO" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

You can choose which criteria determine the order in which the results are displayed. To find out more about the Sort function, read further [here](/navigating-and-searching/sort-function).


# Step 6: Carry out a Search

To conduct a search, you can follow one of the models provided here for typical searches in the Census database:

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/dra1V2QwEa2aWs0lrojb" %}
[Find a Specific Antique Monument or Postclassical Work](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-a-specific-antique-monument-or-postclassical-work)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/jVzZWhKaj53kkdJ7yLeJ" %}
[Find Records Related to a Specific Antique Monument](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-records-related-to-a-specific-antique-monument)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/cZSJSMDNjtjJqrEIXeva" %}
[Find Records Related to a Specific Postclassical Work](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-records-related-to-a-specific-postclassical-work)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/muOfv50LGKA2z6SoGS8Z" %}
[Find a Record if You Know the CensusID](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-a-record-if-you-know-the-censusid)
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{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/xhPjIr5XTvkevpsqnJhg" %}
[Find the Top Hit (the Main Entry or Parent Entry)](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-the-top-hit-the-main-entry-or-parent-entry)
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[Search for a Bibliographic Reference and all Associated Census Records](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-for-a-bibliographic-reference-and-all-associated-census-records)
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[Search for a Person and all Associated Census Records](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-for-a-person-and-all-associated-census-records)
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[Find all Census Records Added by a Partner Project](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-all-census-records-added-by-a-partner-project)
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{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/abGCaVOvZeUq13SdpRZ3" %}
[Search Without a Specific Object in Mind](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-without-a-specific-object-in-mind)
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{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/5tiYbkzlXaqMD6YVewAN" %}
[Find All Images Available for Download](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-all-images-available-for-download)
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# Step 7: Explore Records in the Detail View

{% hint style="warning" %}
IMPORTANT: By searching for Antique Monument or Postclassical Work records and then exploring these records in **Detail View**, you will find all relevant images and be able to discover the relationships between the Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works.
{% endhint %}

Select a record from your search results to view it in the [Detail View](/navigating-and-searching/detail-view) to access the core data of the Census database. &#x20;

[Detail View](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records) allows you to access relationships between Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works in addition to associated records in the Secondary Object types ([Image](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/comments/image-records), [Bibliograph](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/bibliography-records)y, [Person](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/person-records), [Period](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/period-records), [Location](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/location-records), and [Style](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/style-records)).

## Data Contained in Antique Monument and Postclassical Work Records&#x20;

For further information about the data contained in the records for Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works, folllow the links below.&#x20;

<details>

<summary>Antique Monument</summary>

[Overview](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/overview)

[Description](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/description)

[History](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/history)

[Provenance](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/provenance)

[Relationships](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/relationships)

[References](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/relationships)

[Comments](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/comments)

[Images](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/images)

</details>

<details>

<summary>Postclassical Work</summary>

[Overview](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/overview)

[Description](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/description)

[Texts/Transcription](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/texts-transcriptions)

[Relationships](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/relationships)

[References](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/references)

[Comments](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/comments)

[Images](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/images)

</details>

## Data Contained in Bibliography, Location, Person, Period, Image  and Style Records&#x20;

For further information about the data contained in these records, follow the links below.

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/GWkzrTMzxprKz9Z9Z92S" %}
[Bibliography Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/bibliography-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/pRETqeyDsPkQoQllZMfh" %}
[Location Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/location-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/l4dUcV6cbshYCPtAsc9f" %}
[Person Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/person-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/NWBQTJ7SqisONSN6tCdr" %}
[Period Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/period-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/UnTV5SOdnG5cLMN6OHzm" %}
[Image Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/comments/image-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/VlFd1gLbgw1ohlRH3sT9" %}
[Style Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/style-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}


# Step 8: Save Records in a User Account

You can set up a free User Account in the database to access additional research tools. These include functions such as saving search results, creating individual collections, comparing records, and creating slideshows from search results.&#x20;

More information about how to obtain a User Account and the features it offers can be found [here](/using-census-data/user-accounts-and-personal-collections).


# The Census Database: Overview

The database of the Census of the Reception of Antique Art and Architecture is a research project of the Institut für Kunst- und Bildgeschichte at the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and the Bibliotheca Hertziana. For more about the other activities of the Census project, please visit the Census website [here](https://www.census.de/en/home/).&#x20;

In this section you will find the following key information about the database:

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/2iCrXeO0PDVebHe0X2oI" %}
[What is the Census Database?](/the-census-database-overview/what-is-the-census-database)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/5JbmRHBGCiI86qq6Gsb9" %}
[History of the Census Database](/the-census-database-overview/history-of-the-census-database)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/sq7G44Jmym3zTiOsiIIw" %}
[Partner Projects of the Census Database](/the-census-database-overview/partner-projects-of-the-census-database)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/ShgxylgkZFUlC0JwUKFc" %}
[The Census Data Model](/the-census-database-overview/the-census-data-model)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/sqPctFqssQOcFsItNsEh" %}
[The Hierarchical Structure of the Census Data](/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/ejprKDxt5c8DJEXXvMsN" %}
[CensusIDs](/the-census-database-overview/censusids)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/1V4OtCFENsjeveUhyHwY" %}
[Authority Data](/the-census-database-overview/authority-data)
{% endcontent-ref %}


# What is the Census Database?

Primarily, the Census database reconstructs relationships between [Antique Monuments](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records) and [Postclassical Works](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records). For example, the Census links the antique statue of the *Apollo Belvedere* now in the Vatican Museums with prints, statuettes, texts, and drawings created in the postclassical era that reference or respond to this statue. Thousands of similar relationships are mapped by the Census dataset, shedding light on the reception of antique material culture as well as a history of the postclassical survival of antique ruins and remains.&#x20;

The core strengths of the Census database are:

* Its large collection of images of Antique Monuments and Early Modern works of art, particularly images of Renaissance drawings and sketchbooks.
* Its unique specialisation in tracing the relationships between Antique Monuments and drawings, prints, and texts created between 1400-1600.
* The long history of the Census project, which has grown continually for over 75 years and benefitted from close collaboration with international institutions (the Getty, the Warburg Institute, New York University, the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and the Bibliotheca Hertziana).
* It long-standing ability to provide a stable reference point for a field of research that has developed 'between' the established fields of archaeology and art history.&#x20;


# Contents of the Census Database

The two main categories of records in the Census dataset are [Antique Monuments ](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records)and [Postclassical Works](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records). Antique Monuments include ancient statues, buildings and coins, inscriptions, mosaics, paintings and other objects created between c. the 5th century BCE and the 4th century CE.&#x20;

The category Postclassical Works consists of artworks such as prints, drawings, statuettes, and texts such as guidebooks. The Postclassical Works in the Census were primarily created between 1400-1600 in Western Europe, particularly Italy. In addition to the records concerning these core topics, collaborating projects have also added records that relate to earlier and later historical periods.

The other object types in the database ([Person](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/person-records), [Bibliography](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/bibliography-records), [Style](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/style-records), [Period](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/period-records), [Location](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/location-records), and [Image](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/comments/image-records)) provide supplementary information about Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works and about the relationships between these two primary categories.

The Census database includes a total of over 200,000 entries recording Antique Monuments, Postclassical Works, locations, persons, dates, artistic styles, events, bibliography and images. There are approximately 20,500 Antique Monuments represented in the Census, and as of 2025 there are more than 64,000 records of the Object type Postclassical Work, including all subdivisions of codices, drawing books, textual sources and other sources modelled in the database.


# History of the Census Database

The idea for the Census arose through an exchange of letters in 1945 and 1946 between Richard Krautheimer and Fritz Saxl, Director of the Warburg Institute in London.

Krautheimer and his wife Trude Krautheimer-Hess were writing a monograph on the Renaissance sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti. Finding it difficult to locate specific information about the antique monuments visible in fifteenth-century Italy, Krautheimer asked Saxl if they should organise a ‘corpus of antiquities’ known to the Renaissance. This exchange gave birth to the idea of creating an instrument that would systematically record ancient works that were, or could have been, known to Renaissance artists. &#x20;

In the Spring of 1946, the Warburg Institute and New York University formed a partnership to develop a Census of visual sources, which were limited at the time to sculpture and figural works of art, as well as textual sources from the Renaissance that respond to antique monuments. Their chosen method would be to gather information on index cards and combine these whenever possible with photographs.

In 1947, the American archaeologist Phyllis Pray Bober began to realise the ideas of the founders, and started to give the Census the shape which it still has today. Bober compiled hundreds of index cards organised alphabetically; each card listed the Renaissance texts and works of art which could be put in relation to a particular antique monument. Photographic reproductions of both ancient and modern works of art were acquired and catalogued by the Photographic Collection of the Warburg Institute. At this early stage of the Census, the scope of the project was restricted to antique sculpture and its Renaissance reception from 1400 to around 1530.

Ruth Rubinstein’s appointment in 1957 as assistant in the Photographic Collection of the Warburg Institute with special responsibility for the Census gave the project a further impetus, as well as another longstanding protagonist.

Over the next decades Rubinstein purchased photos of sketchbooks and drawings after the antique for the Census, making the Photographic Collection of the Warburg Institute one of the most important centres for the study of Renaissance drawings. The Warburg Institute also supported the work of the Census by publishing numerous catalogues of Renaissance sketchbooks in its *Studies of the Warburg Institute* series.

In the early 1980s, the Bibliotheca Hertziana under the directorship of the architectural historians Matthias Winner and Christoph Luitpold Frommel became a partner institution of the Census project. At the same time, the Census expanded to include ancient architecture, a category which had previously been excluded.

The idea of computerizing the index card system of the Census was proposed already at the end of the 1970s, yet the expansion of the project to include architecture offered another reason to move forward with the idea. The J. Paul Getty Trust had just begun its Art History Information Program in order to test the possibilities of electronic data processing for the humanities disciplines.

The Census won support from the Getty, and programming began. From 1981 onwards, under the direction of Arnold Nesselrath in Rome and in cooperation with the computer programmer Rick Holt, the data model was developed in a UNIX system.&#x20;

In 1995 Horst Bredekamp, who had recently been appointed professor at the Humboldt University, secured an affiliation of the Census project with what is now the Institut für Kunst- und Bildgeschichte. The Census was tied to a professorship at the Humboldt-Universität held by Arnold Nesselrath.&#x20;

In Berlin and under the direction of Arnold Nesselrath, the Census database underwent new technological change, with a migration to the Dyabola MS-DOS system. While the database could previously only be consulted in London and Rome, in 1998 the Census data was published, first on CD-Rom and then on DVD. Then in 2000, the first internet version of the Census database was made available.

Between 2003 and 2017, the Census was included in the programme of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften, where it received support for further technical development. In 2007, the database was published using EasyDB software created by the Berlin company [Programmfabrik](https://www.programmfabrik.de/en/) as an open-access and freely-available web resource. In 2008, the feature GeoCensus was developed to map geographical locations in the Census database.

In June 2020, the American art historian Kathleen Christian became Professor in the Institut für Kunst- und Bildgeschichte and Director of the Census.&#x20;

A campaign was begun in 2021 to renew the photographic resources of the database; a continually-updated list of new photographic resources added since 2021 is available [here](https://www.census.de/en/research/photographic-campaign-2021/).&#x20;

In the Spring of 2023, the Census database was made available on a new user interface using Programmfabrik's digital asset management software FYLR, an update of EasyDB. Between 2021 and 2023, the Census data was also [semantically modelled](https://www.census.de/en/database/csdm/) so that it could be accessed not only within the FYLR database, but as Linked Open Data. The Census data is regularly published in [RDF/XML format ](/using-census-data/lod-other-methods-of-accessing-census-data)on the e-Doc server of the Humboldt University so that it can be used for new purposes and integrated with other digital resources. &#x20;

2021 marked the 75th anniversary of the Census project, which was commemorated by the online exhibition, [75 Years, 1946–2021: from Index Cards to Online Database](http://www.census.de/en/exhibition/). In this exhibition, one can find further information about the history of the Census project and database.

In 2026, the Census became a partnership project run jointly by the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and the Bibliotheca Hertziana. Since May, 2026 it has had two directors, Kathleen Christian and Tristan Weddigen.\ <br>


# Partner Projects of the Census Database

The Census database has been supplemented through cooperation with the following partner research projects:&#x20;

[HistArtAntSI, Historical Memory, Antiquarian Culture, Artistic Patronage: Social Identities in the Centres of Southern Italy](https://www.census.de/kooperationen/)

> HistArtAntSI was an ERC-funded project that ran between 2011 and 2016 at the Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II (principal investigator Bianca de Divitiis).  It was devoted to the study of texts and the re-use and collecting of antique in strategies of self-representation among local communities in the Regno di Napoli from the Middle Ages to the early modern period. HistArtAntSi has contributed about 150 Census records.

[Strada: Jacopo Strada\~\~’\~\~s Magnum ac Novum Opus: A Sixteenth-Century Numismatic Corpus](https://www.census.de/kooperationen/jacopo-stradas-magnum-ac-novum-opus/)

> This DFG-funded partner project (2015-2022, principal investigator Martin Mulsow) was devoted to Jacopo Strada's numismatic drawings in his sixteenth-century *Magnum ac Novum Opus*. The project added 1,779 Antique Monument records (the antique coins referenced in Strada's drawings) as well as 4,902 Postclassical Works to the Census database. Another complimentary [database](https://www.khi.fi.it/de/forschung/bibliothek/translatio-nummorum.php) tied to the Strada project is [*Translatio Nummorum*](https://www.khi.fi.it/en/forschung/bibliothek/translatio-nummorum.php)*,* hosted by the Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florence.

[Corpus Winckelmann](http://www.census.de/en/linked-projects/corpus-winckelmann/)

> Between c. 2009 and 2016, the Corpus Winckelmann added to the Census database c. 9.500 quotations from the writings of Johann Joachim Winckelmann und c. 5.000 entries for other types of Postclassical Works from the 17th and 18th centuries.&#x20;

[Corpus Medii Aevi](http://www.census.de/en/linked-projects/corpus-medii-aevi/)

> Between c. 2009 und 2015, the Corpus Medii Aevi supplemented the Census database with c. 170 records related to the reception of antiquity in the visual arts of the Middle Ages.


# The Census Data Model

When using the Census Database, it is helpful to have an overview of the different [Object Types ](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/select-object-types-in-advanced-search)and how the records are structured.

<figure><img src="/files/ZsgBz5TgKIblgDaIlMcL" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

The Census data model is structured according to the relationship between [Antique Monuments](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records) and [Postclassical Works](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records), the two primary Object Types. Each Antique Monument in the Census database is linked to related Postclassical Works (which can be visual and/or written sources). One can also find Anitque Works related to Postclassical Works, since these links function in both directions.&#x20;

For example, the Pantheon in Rome is linked to, among other things, a text by the architect Andrea Palladio and a floor plan of the rotunda by Alberto Alberti. These two Postclassical Works are also linked back to the Pantheon. Furthermore, if multiple copies of a Postclassical Work or multiple replicas of an ancient object exist, these connections are also represented. For example, the marble statue of *Apollo Belvedere* is put in relation to the presumed bronze original version of the statue.

In addition, Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works are linked to Secondary Object Types: [Bibliography](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/bibliography-records), [Person](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/person-records), [Style](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/style-records), [Period](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/period-records), [Location](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/location-records), and [Image](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/comments/image-records). These Secondary Object Types are linked to records in the Primary Object Types. For example, an ancient statue (a record in **Antique Monument**) can be linked to the specific page of an article that mentions it (a record in **Bibliography**), the artist who created it (a record in **Person**), the artistic style to which it can be attributed (a record in **Style**), the time period in which it was created (a record in **Period**), its former locations and present-day location (records in **Location**), as well as one or more images (records in **Image**).&#x20;


# The Hierarchical Structure of the Census Data

Many objects in the Census Database can be subdivided into multiple levels, such as entire buildings, volumes of drawings, books, or location records. The records of the Object Types [Antique Monuments,](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records) [Postclassical Works](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records), [Bibliography](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/bibliography-records), and [Location](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/location-records) are therefore organized according to a hierarchical structure.

For example, individual columns of the Pantheon are structurally subordinate to the building and are further subdivided into their individual sections:

<figure><img src="/files/62oOPptjeiESv7h8d8dK" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Similarly, in the case of a Postclassical Work, the pages of a sketchbook are subordinate to the volume as a whole, and pages are further subdivided into sections.&#x20;

As is shown below, to ensure that the hierarchical structure of a record is visible, it is important that the 'Show hierarchy' button at the top left of the Detail view is activated:

<figure><img src="/files/7C9eBWjkhltwIJVVGYJw" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# CensusIDs

The **CensusID** is used to identify Census records accurately and is always located under the name of a data record as a number starting with a hashtag:

<figure><img src="/files/YDJBLN1jpGY20Vjh9N4Y" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

More information on searching for records by their CensusID can be found [here](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-a-record-if-you-know-the-censusid).

Further information about using CensusIDs in referencing or citing records in other databases or in academic publications can be found [here](/using-census-data/how-to-reference-records-in-the-census-database).


# Authority Data

Census records have been partially linked to identifers from the following indices:

[VIAF](https://viaf.org/) – Virtual International Authority File

[GND](https://www.dnb.de/DE/Professionell/Standardisierung/GND/gnd_node.html) – Gemeinsame Normdatei, Deutsche Nationalbibliothek

[iDAI gazetteer](https://gazetteer.dainst.org/app/#!/home) – Place names defined by the Deutsches Archäologisches Institut

[Pleiades](https://pleiades.stoa.org/) – Place names defined by the Pleiades gazetteer

[TGN](https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/tgn/index.html) – Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names

[ULAN](https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/ulan/index.html) – Getty Union List of Artist Names

[Geonomes](https://www.geonames.org/) — Geographical database

[Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page) – Open knowledge base

These identifiers have been linked to records in the Object Types Antique Monuments, Postclassical Works, and Locations.


# Examples of Typical Searches

In this section you will find examples of typical searches in the Census Database.

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/dra1V2QwEa2aWs0lrojb" %}
[Find a Specific Antique Monument or Postclassical Work](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-a-specific-antique-monument-or-postclassical-work)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/jVzZWhKaj53kkdJ7yLeJ" %}
[Find Records Related to a Specific Antique Monument](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-records-related-to-a-specific-antique-monument)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/cZSJSMDNjtjJqrEIXeva" %}
[Find Records Related to a Specific Postclassical Work](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-records-related-to-a-specific-postclassical-work)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/muOfv50LGKA2z6SoGS8Z" %}
[Find a Record if You Know the CensusID](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-a-record-if-you-know-the-censusid)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/xhPjIr5XTvkevpsqnJhg" %}
[Find the Top Hit (the Main Entry or Parent Entry)](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-the-top-hit-the-main-entry-or-parent-entry)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/TAebuV8ZdTw7VuSdT69u" %}
[Search for a Bibliographic Reference and all Associated Census Records](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-for-a-bibliographic-reference-and-all-associated-census-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/FtTqcf5VaJaI9QQw5CqU" %}
[Search for a Person and all Associated Census Records](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-for-a-person-and-all-associated-census-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/v072vg806z3xlPSQcBZo" %}
[Find all Census Records Added by a Partner Project](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-all-census-records-added-by-a-partner-project)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/abGCaVOvZeUq13SdpRZ3" %}
[Search Without a Specific Object in Mind](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-without-a-specific-object-in-mind)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/5tiYbkzlXaqMD6YVewAN" %}
[Find All Images Available for Download](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-all-images-available-for-download)
{% endcontent-ref %}


# Find a Specific Antique Monument or Postclassical Work

If you know the Census [Object type](/the-census-database-overview/the-census-data-model) of the result you are looking for and have at least one other piece of information about the object (e.g., title, location, artist), you can search for it in the following ways:

#### Method 1

1. In the [Sources Menu](/navigating-and-searching/data-sets-and-sources) (accessed under 'Choose a Data Set'), select Antique Monument or Postclassical Work.'
2. If you are looking for a specific object, set the [drop-down hierarchy menu](/navigating-and-searching/set-hierarchy-preferences) to "All hierarchy levels" to ensure the maximum number of search results'.&#x20;
3. Enter information you know about your object in the free text field, such as, for example, a name to location (noting that cities should be entered in local languages, such as 'Roma' instead of 'Rome'). You can combine keywords using [operators](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/the-search-bar/using-operators-in-the-search-bar).&#x20;
4. Hit ENTER and hits for your entry will appear.&#x20;
5. Once you have generated results, use the Filter function to narrow them down. For more information about using filters, see [here.](/navigating-and-searching/filter-function)
6. If you still don't find what you're looking for, try to use only the filters to find your object. You can call up all the records in the database by ensuring that Antique Monument and Postclassical Work are selected and by ensuring that the hierarchy menu is set to "All hierarchy levels." Then use the filters to narrow down the search results by location, class, materials, and type.&#x20;

####

{% hint style="warning" %}
IMPORTANT: If you want to carry out an **Advanced Search** for a specific Postclassical Work or Antique Monument, make sure that 'Postclassical Work' or 'Antique Monument' is selected in 'Choose a Data Set'. Select 'Antique Monument' or 'Postclassical Work'.' before selecting 'Advanced Search'.
{% endhint %}

1. Open the [Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search) function using the button at the end of the search field.
2. In the drop-down menu, select the Object Type of the record you are looking for (e.g., 'Antique Monument' for an ancient statue or 'Postclassical Work' for a sixteenth-century drawing).
3. Search within the available data fields in the 'Advanced Search' window using the information you have about the object you are looking for. For example, if you know the current location of the object, go to the **Current Location / Location** field under **Overview**. If you know the title of the Antique Monument or Postclassical Work you are looking for, go to the **Aliases** field under the **Overview** heading. You can search these fields with keywords in the free-text search bar, or you can select the three dots at the end of the field and then choose from a list of existing entries in the database. You can select all relevant options if multiple entries apply.
4. Click the **Select** button at the bottom right.
5. If necessary, repeat steps 3 and 4 if you wish to narrow in on the object you are looking for further. You can also limit your search results by selecting 'Top-level only' in the [hierarchy settings](broken://pages/F6FyBy0XIdGJ5yEENFfX). This will bring up only the top-level records for antique monuments or Post-classical works that have sub-entries.
6. Press the **Add to Search** button at the bottom right of the Advanced Search window.
7. Your details will now appear in the search field, and the search will start automatically. If necessary, press ENTER again or click on the magnifying glass symbol to retrieve your search results.

####


# Find Records Related to a Specific Antique Monument

The easiest way to find relationships between Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works is to access the particular Antique Monument you are interested in, view it in Detail view, and click on Relationships. There you will find all of the Postclassical Works, as well as Antique Monuments, related to the Antique Monument in question.

**As an example, to find the Postclassical Works related to the Apollo Belvedere:**

1. Type the words Apollo Belvedere in the search bar.
2. Depending on your current settings, you might see too many results. To narrow them down, there are several methods.  One is to go to 'Choose a Data Set' and select only Antique Monuments; another is to go to the Hierarchy Menu and select 'Top-level only'; another is to use the filters to narrow down your search results unti you find the antique statue of the Apollo Belvedere (CensusID #150779)
3. Double click on the Apollo Belvedere, which opens up the record in the Detail view.
4. In the Detail view, find the tab 'Relationships'. Here you will see a long list of related Postclassical Works which you can scroll through. Underneath these, is a single Antique Monument which is related to the Apollo Belvedere.

<figure><img src="/files/NAkoP6frkAcoSvF7BDDP" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

5. If you would like to view these related records, click on the three dots located next to the image thumbnail. Here you will find the options of opening the full record, or viewing the record as a preview (Quick view), as is shown below:

<figure><img src="/files/gxJS9bGx4QjfaOUadA5X" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**There are also ther methods of searching for Postclassical Works related to the&#x20;*****Apollo Belvedere,*****&#x20;two of which are described below.**

**Method 1.** To search for all Postclassical Works related to the ancient statue of *Apollo Belvedere:*&#x20;

1. Select ONLY 'Postclassical Work'  in the **Sources Menu** (accessed under 'Choose a Data Set').
2. Without putting any key words in the search bar, simply hit ENTER. This will bring up all Postclassical Works in the Census database.
3. In the **Filter menu** on the lef&#x74;**,** locate the filter for **Related Antique Monuments**.&#x20;
4. You can then find the *Apollo Belvedere* by clicking on the 'More' button at the bottom of the list:

<figure><img src="/files/oyr5LIJicOGE7E76BG5f" alt="" width="202"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

A new window appears in which one can conduct a keyword search to find the *Apollo Belvedere,* or any other Antique Monument:

<figure><img src="/files/Zim2NvXCrZiPKCzuS9et" alt="" width="351"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Method 2.** This is an alternative method of performing this type of search, which will allow you to find not only the Postclassical Works related to the *Apollo Belvedere*, but also the Antique Monuments which are linked to the statue.

1. Ensure that both 'Antique Monument' and 'Postclassical Work' are selected in the **Sources Menu** (accessed under 'Choose a Data Set to Search').
2. Open the **Advanced Search** window at the end of the search bar.
3. Select the option **All Object Types**
4. Locate the menu for **Linked Object Types**

<figure><img src="/files/7EZln5njjEb4gCzl55bS" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

5. Scroll down to the field **Antique Monument.**
6. Now click on the line with three dots at the end of the field. A new window opens with a search field at the top. Search for the statue of the *Apollo Belvedere.*&#x20;
7. When you have found your object, choose it by clicking on it, then click on the button **Select 1** in the lower right corner of the windo&#x77;*.*

&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/tYobcOvnRL8rFHo26AXX" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

8. Now click on **Add to Search** in the Advanced search window.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/lW4HVki45SQNLp3L8vPn" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

9. Now your search appears in the search field.&#x20;
10. You can now find all of the results and work with them using the [Filter function](/navigating-and-searching/filter-function), by changing the [Display settings](/navigating-and-searching/options-for-displaying-search-results), and by using the [Sort function](/navigating-and-searching/sort-function). In the filter column on the left, you can see how many records are linked to the *Apollo Belvedere:* one Antique Monument and 162 Postclassical Works.

<figure><img src="/files/pzEC8whZb0r0W3JobykP" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Find Records Related to a Specific Postclassical Work

The easiest way to find Antique Monuments related to particular Postclassical Works is to search for the Postclassical Work are interested in, view it in Detail view, and then click on Relationships. There you will find all of the Antique Monuments, as well as Postclassical Works, related to the Postclassical Work in question.

**As an example, to find the Antique Monuments related to Marcantonio Raimondi's&#x20;*****Woman with Two Sponges*****:**

1. Find the work by Raimondi by typing words in the search bar, for example, Woman Raimondi.
2. &#x20;Click on the print you are interested in, which opens up the record in the Detail view.
3. In the Detail view, find the tab 'Relationships'. Here you will see the Antique Monuments related to the print. In this case, you see a link to a relief of *Satyrs Playing Musical Instruments and a Nymph Washing a Herm of Bacchus* in the Villa Borghese.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/lkUFOyTPuLcm0Sds0PR6" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

You can access the related Antique Monument by clicking on the three-dots menu located next to the image preview. You can choose to view the full record of the related Antique Monument, or preview it using Quick view:

<figure><img src="/files/7jmA68v6YOtMaFSlzHGr" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

There are also other methods of conducting this same search. For example, you can also use this method for any Postclassical Work to find records which are linked to it:

1. Ensure that both 'Antique Monument' and 'Postclassical Work' are selected in the **Sources Menu** (accessed under 'Choose a Data Set'
2. Open the **Advanced Search** window at the end of the search bar.
3. Select the option **All Object Types.**
4. Locate the menu for **Linked Object Types.**

<figure><img src="/files/7EZln5njjEb4gCzl55bS" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

5. Scroll down to the field **Postclassical Work.**
6. Now click on the line with three dots at the end of the field. A new window opens with a search field at the top. Search for the *Woman with Two Sponges.*
7. When you have found your object, choose it by clicking on it, then click on the button **Select 1** in the lower right corner of the windo&#x77;*.*&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/3ht6xWorIBmAs6lcMtuI" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

8. Now click on **Add to Search** in the Advanced search window.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/jZ0AHEJW6ePL675I0d0J" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

8. Now your search appears in the search field.&#x20;
9. Hit ENTER to show the results. For this type of search, the results will usually consist of one Antique Monument, and in this case, it is a relief of *Satyrs Playing Musical Instruments and a Nymph Washing a Herm of Bacchus* in the Villa Borghese.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/vT4jwXDRVciBgrIbrW8S" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Find a Record if You Know the CensusID

#### **Method 1**

Enter the [CensusID ](/the-census-database-overview/censusids)in the free-text search bar, making sure to insert a hashtag before the number.

{% hint style="warning" %}
IMPORTANT: Put a hashtag directly before the CensusID number when searching for a **CensusID** in the **Search Bar**:

<img src="/files/LTA1vnFmMRaLcA0ep0E5" alt="" data-size="line">
{% endhint %}

#### Method 2

Go to 'Advanced Search' and enter the CensusID in the field 'CensusID'. **Here, do not insert a hashtag before the number.** Select 'Add to Search' and then wait for the search to perform automatically.&#x20;


# Find the Top Hit (the Main Entry or Parent Entry)

**Some searches in the Census database will yield hundreds of results. How do I find the top hit? For example, when searching using the keyword Pantheon, how does one find the Pantheon itself?**

Locate the drop-down menu 'All hierarchy levels' under the search bar.

<figure><img src="/files/vmFXBlwq94aee6vjWK4s" alt="" width="264"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

In this menu, choose 'Top-level only' to bring up only the main entry of the Pantheon, rather than the top-level record and all subordinate records.&#x20;

More information about limiting hierarchy can be found [here](broken://pages/F6FyBy0XIdGJ5yEENFfX).

Use the filters to narrow down your results; for example by Current location, or by class (architecture, sculpture, coins and medals, etc.).


# Search for a Bibliographic Reference and all Associated Census Records

**You may want to find all records associated with a particular bibliographic reference. In this case, you can search in the Object type 'Bibliography' directly.**

1. Click on the icon for Bibliography on the left side-bar:

<figure><img src="/files/pDtG3vEQaAJpLdNsRrVK" alt="" width="300"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

2. Type in keywords in the free text field related to the bibliographic reference you are looking for, for example 'sculture Farnese II'.
3. In the results you will find all references to the book *Le sculture Farnese,* volume 2 (2009). Scrolling through the catalogue entries, one can see which antique monuments in the Census have been linked with this particular bibliographic reference:

&#x20; &#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/V9mrJxmNMt0MHxBhSzj7" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Search for a Person and all Associated Census Records

**You may want to find all records associated with a particular person. In this case, you can search in the Object type 'Person' directly.**

1. Click on the icon for Person on the left side-bar:

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/FtTqcf5VaJaI9QQw5CqU" %}
[Search for a Person and all Associated Census Records](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-for-a-person-and-all-associated-census-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

<figure><img src="/files/pDtG3vEQaAJpLdNsRrVK" alt="" width="300"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

2. Type in keywords in the free text field related to the person you are looking for, for example 'Raimondi'.
3. In the results you will find all references to Marcantonio Raimondi:

   <figure><img src="/files/45hajABXw1jhVUUrvef4" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

&#x20;  4\. By clicking on these records, one can find all of the Postclassical Works in the Census database associated with Marcantonio Raimondi. Clicking on the first result, 'Raimondi, Marcantonio', one finds five pages of associated Postclassical Works:

<figure><img src="/files/dX0dYOLwWivg1g8NUHze" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Find all Census Records Added by a Partner Project

You might want to find all of the records added by the [partner projects](/navigating-and-searching/detail-view/printing-pdfs) of the Census: [ArtHistAntSI](https://www.census.de/en/linked-projects/histantartsi/), the [Corpus Medii Aevi](http://www.census.de/en/linked-projects/corpus-medii-aevi/), the [Corpus Winckelmann](https://www.census.de/en/linked-projects/corpus-winckelmann/), or [Jacopo Strada's Magnum ac Novum Opus](< https://www.census.de/en/linked-projects/jacopo-stradas-magnum-ac-novum-opus/>).

1. Open the [Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search) function using the button at the end of the search field.
2. Go to the drop-down menu and select All Object Types.
3. In the Advanced Search feature window, single-click to open the submenu **Linked Object Types**.
4. &#x20;In the Linked Object Types submenu, scroll down to the **Project** field and click on the three dots at the end of the field.

<div align="center"><figure><img src="/files/TaYd0cfOCO4t95rJrfDx" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

5. Another window will open, showing all the contributing projects. Select the project you want by clicking on it, and then press the **Select 1** button at the bottom right.
6. Select **Add to Search**.
7. Wait for your search to execute.


# Search Without a Specific Object in Mind

If you are not looking for a specific object but want to get an overview of the objects related to a certain topic or mythological subject, you can search the Census Database for keywords. &#x20;

1. First, go to the **Sources Menu** (accessed under 'Choose a Data Set') and select Antique Monument and Postclassical Work.
2. Enter one or more keywords in the search field and start the search using the magnifying glass icon or the ENTER key.
3. You can then use the [Filter function](/navigating-and-searching/filter-function) to narrow down your results.


# Find All Images Available for Download

Method 1. This method brings up all records for Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works which include images available for download.

1. Select both Antique Monument and Postclassical Work in the menu, 'Choose a Data Set to Search'.
2. Hit ENTER to bring up all of the Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works in the Census database.
3. Make sure the Filter is activated. In the Filter menu, under 'Image Download', click on the box for 'Record includes images available for download'.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/wsmu74zoyH56RwxGwrhc" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

4. The search results will show all records for Antique Monuments and Postclassical works that include images available for download.

Method 2. This method brings up the images available for download, but it does not include the records for Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works that these images illustrate.

1. On the left-hand side bar, click on the object type 'Image':

<figure><img src="/files/YmkUvqGRrink4oRGg5rv" alt="" width="213"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

2. All of the images in the Census database are now shown. Click on the Advanced Search menu and go to the field 'Tags'. Open up the options in this field by clicking on the bar with three dots at the right-hand side of the field.
3. Check all of the boxes next to the green tags. These tags are attached to images which are available for download:

<figure><img src="/files/8MFFH0XNZyUzRkL4ZIdy" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

4. Hit the 'Add to Search' button to show all images with green tags.
5. You can now change the display options to show the search results, for example, in table view. In table view you can also optionally show all of the tags attached to the images available for download, along with a preview of the image, the source of the image, the image copyright information, and other data:

<figure><img src="/files/A5FWxt0CzemXMFEboih1" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

<br>


# Search Functions

In this section, you will find detailed information on using the [Search Bar](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/the-search-bar) and [Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search) to search the Census database in different ways.

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/oyv204HZOpQyWLBekHKO" %}
[The Search Bar](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/the-search-bar)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/8LJVf11MVlGBfOWq3IuJ" %}
[Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search)
{% endcontent-ref %}


# The Search Bar

Searching via the free-text search bar is the easiest way to start a search.&#x20;

You can enter a keyword in the search bar and then use the [Filter function ](/navigating-and-searching/filter-function)to narrow down the results. Alternatively, you can enter multiple search terms in the keyword and combine them with [operators](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/the-search-bar/using-operators-in-the-search-bar).

Search terms entered freely in the search bar can also be combined with search criteria that are added to the search bar using the [Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search) function.

<figure><img src="/files/1cT24y8qvHufYqYjff6L" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Combining Keywords in the Search Bar

You can enter and combine multiple keywords in the search field. By default, searching with two keywords will bring up all records that contain both of these words, as if the word AND were connecting the two terms. For example, searching for Hercules and Farnese will show all records that contain both Hercules AND Farnese. The order of the search terms is not taken into account.

If you are searching for a phrase, i.e., if your search term consists of several words and the order of these words is important, you can place them in quotation marks. Searching for "Hercules Farnese" will automatically search for this phrase and exclude all records that only contain the single words Hercules and Farnese .

You can also use the [operators](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/the-search-bar/using-operators-in-the-search-bar) AND, OR, NOT in the search bar, as is explained in the next section.


# Using Operators in the Search Bar

You can specify your search by using operators to combine keywords in the search field. The Boolean operators AND, OR and NOT permit complex combinations of several search terms. In the following table, you will find an explanation of each of the functions and their commands, as well as an explanation of the truncation operation to extend a search for words of the same root:

<table><thead><tr><th width="194" align="center">Operator</th><th width="159.33333333333331" align="center">Short Cut Key</th><th align="center">Function</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">AND</td><td align="center"><p>+</p><p></p></td><td align="center">retrieves records that contain both search terms</td></tr><tr><td align="center">OR</td><td align="center">, </td><td align="center">retrieves records that contain either one search term or the other</td></tr><tr><td align="center">NOT</td><td align="center">-</td><td align="center">retrieves records that contain the search term entered before NOT, but do not contain the search term entered after NOT</td></tr><tr><td align="center">TRUNCATION</td><td align="center">*</td><td align="center">when attached to a character string, retrieves all records containing words that contain that character string</td></tr></tbody></table>

## Examples: How to Use Operators

<table><thead><tr><th width="353"></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Hercules Farnese</td><td>Returns all records that contain both Hercules and Farnese. Neither the order of the terms is taken into account, nor do both terms have to appear in combination.</td></tr><tr><td>“Hercules Farnese“</td><td>Returns all records containing exactly this phrase or exactly this combination of terms, also taking into account the order of the terms. </td></tr><tr><td>Aspertini AND sarcophagus</td><td>Returns all records containing both Aspertini and sarcophagus. The result is identical to the search "Aspertini sarcophagus" or Aspertini + sarcophagus.</td></tr><tr><td>Aspertini + sarcophagus</td><td>Returns all data sets in which both Aspertini and sarcophagus occur. The same results will appear with the input Aspertini sarcophagus. They would also appear with the input Aspertini AND sarcophagus.</td></tr><tr><td>“Zuccari Laocoon“ - Getty</td><td>Returns all records that contain the phrase <br>"Zuccari Laocoon" but not the word Getty. The minus excludes all records that contain Getty even if they contain both Zuccari and Laocoon.</td></tr><tr><td>Apollo , Belvedere</td><td>Returns all records that contain either Apollo or Belvedere</td></tr><tr><td>mari*</td><td>Returns all records in which the character string Mari- appears, such as records with the words Maria, Mario, Marius, but also maritime, etc.</td></tr></tbody></table>


# Advanced Search

The **Advanced Search** function allows you to find a specific object or group of objects based on known information or specific characteristics. While searching via the search field alone and by keywords often yields a large amount of results, the Advanced Search function allows for a more precise search from the start.&#x20;

The Advanced Search function is opened by clicking the button at the end of the search field.

<figure><img src="/files/1cT24y8qvHufYqYjff6L" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

This will open a new window with an Advanced Search mask. You can optionally switch to the full-screen mode of the window by clicking the button in the upper right corner.

<div align="center"><figure><img src="/files/LwyNKPSzGGgnlJmuEtxO" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

The following sections will guide you through the features of Advanced Search:

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/Q5pI2ujqyLPm7aAqfWan" %}
[Select Object Types in Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/select-object-types-in-advanced-search)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/CG4Tp5c7895P2PvauKOM" %}
[Use Multiple Parameters in Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/use-multiple-parameters-in-advanced-search)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/Y5dv7a1eQcMXlPTkmbu0" %}
[Use Advanced Search to Exclude Records from a Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/use-advanced-search-to-exclude-records-from-a-search)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/CG4Tp5c7895P2PvauKOM" %}
[Use Multiple Parameters in Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/use-multiple-parameters-in-advanced-search)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/E4GYFfvQcPHczBKIm6XX" %}
[Examples of Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/examples-of-advanced-search)
{% endcontent-ref %}


# Select Object Types in Advanced Search

If you do not know the specific object type of the record(s) you are looking for, select the **All Object Types** option.

{% hint style="warning" %}
IMPORTANT: make sure that the object types you want to search are activated in the Sources menu, Accessed via the button, 'Choose a Data Set'. Otherwise, they will not be searchable in 'Advanced Search.'
{% endhint %}

Selecting All Object Types allows you to search all of the Object Types you have selected in the Sources menu:

If you already know the [CensusID](/the-census-database-overview/censusids) of the object you are looking for, you can enter it in the corresponding search field.

If you want to search for only one Object Type, you can select it in the drop-down menu. &#x20;


# Search Linked Object Types in Advanced Search

Searching 'All Object Types' allows you to search for all records linked to a specific object. For example, if you are looking for all Postclassical Works that are related to a specific Antique Monument or vice versa, you can use this search mask.

To do this, select the appropriate field for your entry in the **Linked Object Types** submenu.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/NvqltLVYKGj1E9OS4CSh" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

For step-by-step instructions on how to search for all Postclassical Works and Antique Monuments that are linked to a particular Antique Monument, see [here](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-records-related-to-a-specific-antique-monument).&#x20;

For instructions on how to search for all Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works linked to a particular Postclassical work, see [here](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-records-related-to-a-specific-postclassical-work).


# Use Advanced Search to Exclude Records from a Search

In some cases, searching by means of exclusion is advantageous. For example, if you are looking for a drawing by a particular artist, but the Census contains primarily paintings by that artist, you can use the **Exclude search** to exclude all paintings by that artist in your search.&#x20;

To exclude certain objects in your search, follow these steps:

1. Open the Advanced Search function.&#x20;
2. Select the object type from the pull-down menu in the upper left corner.&#x20;
3. Enter information about your searched object into the corresponding data fields.
4. Before you close the 'Advanced Search' window, apply the exclusion method to your search. To do this, search for the appropriate data field for the aspect you want to exclude (e.g., **Type** to exclude all paintings).&#x20;
5. Click on the three dots at the end of the field and select what you want to exclude (e.g., the **Type** panel painting).&#x20;
6. Then activate the exclusion by clicking the icon to the right of the title of the search field. It is activated when it is highlighted in black:

<figure><img src="/files/vVrMo9mX6GRki6skz4Qa" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

7. Proceed by clicking the **Add to Search** button at the bottom right of the window.&#x20;
8. Your search will begin automatically and your search results will be displayed.


# Use Multiple Parameters in Advanced Search

The **Advanced Search** function offers the possibility to search using several parameters at the same time (e.g., if you have the name of an object and information other than the name of an object, such as its location or type).&#x20;

You can narrow down the search results by using multiple parameters in the 'Advanced Search'. In the search illustrated below, an 'Advanced Search' was conducted for an Antique Monument with the word 'Mars' in its name and with a tag indicating that the record includes images available for download. All the search parameters that have been applied are displayed in the search bar:

<figure><img src="/files/lWb0xI4ByR9mK7duXHeY" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Examples of Advanced Search

Here you will find examples of the searches that you can carry out using **Advanced Search:**

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/A1c0Izus7GE6BrXQN4RR" %}
[Find a Specific Antique Monument or Postclassical Work](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/examples-of-advanced-search/find-a-specific-antique-monument-or-postclassical-work)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/2RoI5uqBgIlfVRzU2FxL" %}
[Find a Specific Text Associated with a Census Record](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/examples-of-advanced-search/find-a-specific-text-associated-with-a-census-record)
{% endcontent-ref %}


# Find a Specific Antique Monument or Postclassical Work

## Search for the Spinario in the Musei Capitolini in Rome.

1. Open Advanced Search.
2. Select the object type Antique Monument.
3. Select 'Yes' in the Main Antique Monument search field.&#x20;
4. In the Name field, enter Spinario and select it from the list.&#x20;
5. Under Overview, open the Current Location search field using the three dots.&#x20;
6. Search for Musei Capitolini in the search field.
7. Select Musei Capitolini and click on the 'Select 1' button.&#x20;
8. Click on the Add to Search button in the Advanced Search window.&#x20;
9. The search results will now be displayed automatically.


# Find a Specific Text Associated with a Census Record

This example shows you how to search for the term 'disegno' in a Postclassical written source.

1. Open Advanced Search.
2. Select the Object Type 'Postclassical Work'.&#x20;
3. If desired, use the Name field to search for a specific postclassical source for the text passage you are looking for (for example, if the text you are looking for is a common phrase).&#x20;
4. Scroll to the [Texts / Transcriptions](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/texts-transcriptions) panel and open it.&#x20;
5. Under Texts, start typing the word 'disegno' in the Transcription field and select the appropriate match from the suggestions that appear.&#x20;
6. In the Advanced Search window, click the Add to Search button at the bottom right.&#x20;
7. The search will be started automatically and you will receive your results.


# Examples for Advanced Searches

For advanced searches, the first question to answer is which type of object you are looking for. In most cases, this will be either one or more Antique Monuments or one or more Postclassical Works. If your search query is very complex, it is often helpful to reformulate it first as a relative clause.


# 1.	Show all Antique Monuments in Berlin collections

Reformulation as relative clause: Show all Antique Monuments that are kept in Berlin collections.

a.     Open advanced search and select „Antique Monuments“. If Antique Monuments is enabled in the Source as Data Set and Postclassical Works is disabled, the search form for Antique Monuments will open automatically.

b.     In the Overview panel, click the three-dot menu next to Current location. A new search field will open. You are now searching within the Location object type.

c.     Type "Berlin" into the search field and press Enter. A hierarchical list of all places in the State of Berlin will appear. Select "Berlin", the top-level entry in the hierarchy. This ensures that the search results include all locations that are subordinate to Berlin in the hierarchy. If you want to restrict the search to the city of Berlin, select the second „Berlin“ entry in the hierarchy.

d.     Click Select 1 record. The nested search will then be inserted into the Advanced Search.

e.     Click „Add to search“.

f.      Result: 73 records.

**Interpretation of results:** At the moment (July 2026), there are 73 ancient monuments in the Census database that are currently located in collections within the State of Berlin. Each of these monuments is (in most cases) documented by at least one Postclassical Work.


# 2.	Show all Postclassical Works associated with Antique Monuments in Berlin collections

Reformulation as relative clause: This search inquiry can be understood differently. For this case we will translate it as follows: Show all Postclassical Works that are kept in Berlin collections and that show Antique Monuments that are equally kept in Berlin collections.

a.     Open advanced search and select „Postclassical Works“.

b.     Go to the “Overview” panel and open the three dot menu under “Current Location”.

c.     Search for “Berlin”.

d.     Select Berlin, the top-level entry in the hierarchy. This ensures that the search results include all locations that are subordinate to Berlin in the hierarchy. If you want to restrict the search to the city of Berlin, select the second „Berlin“ entry in the hierarchy.

e.     Click „Select 1 record(s)“ in order to add the nested search into the main search.

f.      In the next step we have to search for “Antique Monuments” within “Postclassical Works”. Go to the “Relationships” panel

g.     Click on the three dot menu to open the search form.

h.     Search for “Berlin”.

i.       Select Berlin, the top-level entry in the hierarchy.

j.       Click “Select 1 record(s)”.

k.     Click “Add to search”.

l.       The search form “Antique Monuments” should result in 73 records.

m.   Click “Select all” in order to insert all 73 records into the original search.

n.     Click “Add to search”.

o.     Result: 10 records

**Interpretation of results:** The result consists of 10 Postclassical Works, in this case only drawings, all kept in Berlin collections, such as the Staatsbibliothek Berlin and the Kupferstichkabinett Berlin, that show different Antique Monuments which are kept in Berlin Museums. The Antique Monument and at least one Postclassical Work referring to it can be found in the State of Berlin.


# 3.	How many bronze sculptures were known before 1400?

Reformulation as relative clause: Show all Antique Monuments that are made from bronze and that are documented in Postclassical Works which are from before 1400.

a.     Open advanced search and select „Antique Monuments“. If Antique Monuments is enabled in the Source as Data Set and Postclassical Works is disabled, the search form for Antique Monuments will open automatically.

b.     Select the “Description” panel and open the three dot menu below “Materials”. A new search mask “Antique Monument - Material” will pop up.

c.     Search for “bronze”. You may also search for the term by browsing through the list.

d.     There will be two results: (1) "bronze" and (2) "bronze (?)". The latter, "bronze (?)", is assigned to Antique Monuments for which it is unclear whether the material is actually bronze.

e.     Select “bronze” and click “Select 1 record(s)” to merge this request into your advanced search.

f.      Select the **Relationship** panel and then select the three dot menu below “Postclassical Work”. A new search window (Postclassical Work) will pop up.

g.     Select the “Advanced Search” to open up the Advanced Search mask.

h.     In the “Overview” panel you will find the “Creation” section. There are four date fields available. Enter **1400** in **Latest Date → End** and click “Add to search”. It is crucial to use the **Latest Date → End** field to filter the Postclassical Works to those created before 1400. Using Latest Date → Start would instead return Postclassical Works whose creation date range ends before or at 1400 but may extend well beyond that year. As a result, the filtered set would include works that were not necessarily completed before 1400.

i.       Intermediate result: 1,833 records. Click “Select all” in order to add this result to your advanced search.

j.       Click “Add to search” in your advanced search.

k.     Final result: 27 records.

**Interpretation of result:** At the moment (July 2026), there are 27 Antique Monuments in the Census database that are made from bronze and that are documented by Postclassical Works from before 1400. Some of these monuments are now lost or untraced and are only known through the fact that they were documented in Postclassical Works.


# Search Functions

In this section, you will find detailed information on using the [Search Bar](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/the-search-bar) and [Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search) to search the Census database in different ways.

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/oyv204HZOpQyWLBekHKO" %}
[The Search Bar](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/the-search-bar)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/8LJVf11MVlGBfOWq3IuJ" %}
[Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search)
{% endcontent-ref %}


# The Search Bar

Searching via the free-text search bar is the easiest way to start a search.&#x20;

You can enter a keyword in the search bar and then use the [Filter function ](/navigating-and-searching/filter-function)to narrow down the results. Alternatively, you can enter multiple search terms in the keyword and combine them with [operators](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/the-search-bar/using-operators-in-the-search-bar).

Search terms entered freely in the search bar can also be combined with search criteria that are added to the search bar using the [Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search) function.

<figure><img src="/files/1cT24y8qvHufYqYjff6L" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Combining Keywords in the Search Bar

You can enter and combine multiple keywords in the search field. By default, searching with two keywords will bring up all records that contain both of these words, as if the word AND were connecting the two terms. For example, searching for Hercules and Farnese will show all records that contain both Hercules AND Farnese. The order of the search terms is not taken into account.

If you are searching for a phrase, i.e., if your search term consists of several words and the order of these words is important, you can place them in quotation marks. Searching for "Hercules Farnese" will automatically search for this phrase and exclude all records that only contain the single words Hercules and Farnese .

You can also use the [operators](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/the-search-bar/using-operators-in-the-search-bar) AND, OR, NOT in the search bar, as is explained in the next section.


# Using Operators in the Search Bar

You can specify your search by using operators to combine keywords in the search field. The Boolean operators AND, OR and NOT permit complex combinations of several search terms. In the following table, you will find an explanation of each of the functions and their commands, as well as an explanation of the truncation operation to extend a search for words of the same root:

<table><thead><tr><th width="194" align="center">Operator</th><th width="159.33333333333331" align="center">Short Cut Key</th><th align="center">Function</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">AND</td><td align="center"><p>+</p><p></p></td><td align="center">retrieves records that contain both search terms</td></tr><tr><td align="center">OR</td><td align="center">, </td><td align="center">retrieves records that contain either one search term or the other</td></tr><tr><td align="center">NOT</td><td align="center">-</td><td align="center">retrieves records that contain the search term entered before NOT, but do not contain the search term entered after NOT</td></tr><tr><td align="center">TRUNCATION</td><td align="center">*</td><td align="center">when attached to a character string, retrieves all records containing words that contain that character string</td></tr></tbody></table>

## Examples: How to Use Operators

<table><thead><tr><th width="353"></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Hercules Farnese</td><td>Returns all records that contain both Hercules and Farnese. Neither the order of the terms is taken into account, nor do both terms have to appear in combination.</td></tr><tr><td>“Hercules Farnese“</td><td>Returns all records containing exactly this phrase or exactly this combination of terms, also taking into account the order of the terms. </td></tr><tr><td>Aspertini AND sarcophagus</td><td>Returns all records containing both Aspertini and sarcophagus. The result is identical to the search "Aspertini sarcophagus" or Aspertini + sarcophagus.</td></tr><tr><td>Aspertini + sarcophagus</td><td>Returns all data sets in which both Aspertini and sarcophagus occur. The same results will appear with the input Aspertini sarcophagus. They would also appear with the input Aspertini AND sarcophagus.</td></tr><tr><td>“Zuccari Laocoon“ - Getty</td><td>Returns all records that contain the phrase <br>"Zuccari Laocoon" but not the word Getty. The minus excludes all records that contain Getty even if they contain both Zuccari and Laocoon.</td></tr><tr><td>Apollo , Belvedere</td><td>Returns all records that contain either Apollo or Belvedere</td></tr><tr><td>mari*</td><td>Returns all records in which the character string Mari- appears, such as records with the words Maria, Mario, Marius, but also maritime, etc.</td></tr></tbody></table>


# Advanced Search

The **Advanced Search** function allows you to find a specific object or group of objects based on known information or specific characteristics. While searching via the search field alone and by keywords often yields a large amount of results, the Advanced Search function allows for a more precise search from the start.&#x20;

The Advanced Search function is opened by clicking the button at the end of the search field.

<figure><img src="/files/1cT24y8qvHufYqYjff6L" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

This will open a new window with an Advanced Search mask. You can optionally switch to the full-screen mode of the window by clicking the button in the upper right corner.

<div align="center"><figure><img src="/files/LwyNKPSzGGgnlJmuEtxO" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

The following sections will guide you through the features of Advanced Search:

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/Q5pI2ujqyLPm7aAqfWan" %}
[Select Object Types in Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/select-object-types-in-advanced-search)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/CG4Tp5c7895P2PvauKOM" %}
[Use Multiple Parameters in Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/use-multiple-parameters-in-advanced-search)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/Y5dv7a1eQcMXlPTkmbu0" %}
[Use Advanced Search to Exclude Records from a Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/use-advanced-search-to-exclude-records-from-a-search)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/CG4Tp5c7895P2PvauKOM" %}
[Use Multiple Parameters in Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/use-multiple-parameters-in-advanced-search)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/E4GYFfvQcPHczBKIm6XX" %}
[Examples of Advanced Search](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/examples-of-advanced-search)
{% endcontent-ref %}


# Select Object Types in Advanced Search

If you do not know the specific object type of the record(s) you are looking for, select the **All Object Types** option.

{% hint style="warning" %}
IMPORTANT: make sure that the object types you want to search are activated in the Sources menu, Accessed via the button, 'Choose a Data Set'. Otherwise, they will not be searchable in 'Advanced Search.'
{% endhint %}

Selecting All Object Types allows you to search all of the Object Types you have selected in the Sources menu:

If you already know the [CensusID](/the-census-database-overview/censusids) of the object you are looking for, you can enter it in the corresponding search field.

If you want to search for only one Object Type, you can select it in the drop-down menu. &#x20;


# Search Linked Object Types in Advanced Search

Searching 'All Object Types' allows you to search for all records linked to a specific object. For example, if you are looking for all Postclassical Works that are related to a specific Antique Monument or vice versa, you can use this search mask.

To do this, select the appropriate field for your entry in the **Linked Object Types** submenu.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/NvqltLVYKGj1E9OS4CSh" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

For step-by-step instructions on how to search for all Postclassical Works and Antique Monuments that are linked to a particular Antique Monument, see [here](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-records-related-to-a-specific-antique-monument).&#x20;

For instructions on how to search for all Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works linked to a particular Postclassical work, see [here](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-records-related-to-a-specific-postclassical-work).


# Use Advanced Search to Exclude Records from a Search

In some cases, searching by means of exclusion is advantageous. For example, if you are looking for a drawing by a particular artist, but the Census contains primarily paintings by that artist, you can use the **Exclude search** to exclude all paintings by that artist in your search.&#x20;

To exclude certain objects in your search, follow these steps:

1. Open the Advanced Search function.&#x20;
2. Select the object type from the pull-down menu in the upper left corner.&#x20;
3. Enter information about your searched object into the corresponding data fields.
4. Before you close the 'Advanced Search' window, apply the exclusion method to your search. To do this, search for the appropriate data field for the aspect you want to exclude (e.g., **Type** to exclude all paintings).&#x20;
5. Click on the three dots at the end of the field and select what you want to exclude (e.g., the **Type** panel painting).&#x20;
6. Then activate the exclusion by clicking the icon to the right of the title of the search field. It is activated when it is highlighted in black:

<figure><img src="/files/vVrMo9mX6GRki6skz4Qa" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

7. Proceed by clicking the **Add to Search** button at the bottom right of the window.&#x20;
8. Your search will begin automatically and your search results will be displayed.


# Use Multiple Parameters in Advanced Search

The **Advanced Search** function offers the possibility to search using several parameters at the same time (e.g., if you have the name of an object and information other than the name of an object, such as its location or type).&#x20;

You can narrow down the search results by using multiple parameters in the 'Advanced Search'. In the search illustrated below, an 'Advanced Search' was conducted for an Antique Monument with the word 'Mars' in its name and with a tag indicating that the record includes images available for download. All the search parameters that have been applied are displayed in the search bar:

<figure><img src="/files/lWb0xI4ByR9mK7duXHeY" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Examples of Advanced Search

Here you will find examples of the searches that you can carry out using **Advanced Search:**

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/A1c0Izus7GE6BrXQN4RR" %}
[Find a Specific Antique Monument or Postclassical Work](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/examples-of-advanced-search/find-a-specific-antique-monument-or-postclassical-work)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/2RoI5uqBgIlfVRzU2FxL" %}
[Find a Specific Text Associated with a Census Record](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/search-functions/advanced-search/examples-of-advanced-search/find-a-specific-text-associated-with-a-census-record)
{% endcontent-ref %}


# Find a Specific Antique Monument or Postclassical Work

## Search for the Spinario in the Musei Capitolini in Rome.

1. Open Advanced Search.
2. Select the object type Antique Monument.
3. Select 'Yes' in the Main Antique Monument search field.&#x20;
4. In the Name field, enter Spinario and select it from the list.&#x20;
5. Under Overview, open the Current Location search field using the three dots.&#x20;
6. Search for Musei Capitolini in the search field.
7. Select Musei Capitolini and click on the 'Select 1' button.&#x20;
8. Click on the Add to Search button in the Advanced Search window.&#x20;
9. The search results will now be displayed automatically.


# Find a Specific Text Associated with a Census Record

This example shows you how to search for the term 'disegno' in a Postclassical written source.

1. Open Advanced Search.
2. Select the Object Type 'Postclassical Work'.&#x20;
3. If desired, use the Name field to search for a specific postclassical source for the text passage you are looking for (for example, if the text you are looking for is a common phrase).&#x20;
4. Scroll to the [Texts / Transcriptions](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/texts-transcriptions) panel and open it.&#x20;
5. Under Texts, start typing the word 'disegno' in the Transcription field and select the appropriate match from the suggestions that appear.&#x20;
6. In the Advanced Search window, click the Add to Search button at the bottom right.&#x20;
7. The search will be started automatically and you will receive your results.


# Data Sets and Sources

The first step of a search in the database is to select the data you would like to search. You may select from:

* The Primary Object types: Antique Monument or Postclassical Works. These sources can be searched [either individually or in combination using the Sources Menu.](/navigating-and-searching/data-sets-and-sources/the-sources-menu-primary-object-types)
* The Secondary Object types: Location, Period, Person, Style, Bibliography, or Image. These can be [searched individually by clicking on the icons on the left-hand side bar](/navigating-and-searching/data-sets-and-sources/the-side-bar-secondary-object-types).


# The Sources Menu: Primary Object Types

The **Sources** selection menu allows you to search the two primary Object types, Antique Monument and Postclassical Work, either singly or in combination. The menu can be opened by accessing **Choose a Data Set** to the left of the search bar. By clicking on the arrow, a drop-down menu appears with the list of the two primary Object types. These can be activated or deactivated by clicking on the respective boxes:&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/dFncSq0fMp6VWzMd3ZJE" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

IMPORTANT: Below the object types, the **Census** pool is displayed. This pool contains all records of the Census database. If it is not activated, it is not possible to search the Census database.


# The Side Bar: Secondary Object Types

On the left-hand side bar, you will also find icons that represent the secondary Object types, Bibliography, Period, Location, Person, Style and Image:

<figure><img src="/files/Dah6dQstKyEXhLtbxQ7z" alt="" width="296"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

To search the data in the Census related to one of these Object types, click on one of these icons. You can then carry out a search using the free text search bar or the Advanced Search function.&#x20;

Unlike the Primary Object types (Antique Monument and Postclassical Work), these categories can only be searched singly, not in combination.


# Filter Function

{% hint style="warning" %}
IMPORTANT: The filters can be used only after you have already started a search and the first search results are displayed.
{% endhint %}

A search can also be narrowed down by using the **Filter function**. This function can be combined with the Advanced Search and with the use of keywords and operators in the search field.

The Filter function also has the advantage that it displays search results in subgroups. This gives an overview of all possible intersections of a certain search term with various parameters, such as Object Types, Persons, Places or Media, etc. With the help of the Filter function, one can get an overview of the differeent types of data that are retrieved by searching in the Census.

The 'Filter' menu is located on the left side below the search line and can be opened by clicking on the appropriate button.

You will then find various subsets of data in the Filter menu, which you can use to narrow down a set of results further. The number of records contained in each subset is displayed to the right of the subset. For example, there are 1,001 Postclassical Works and 476 Antique Monuments in the Census that result from a search using the keyword Apollo. There are a total of 26 records related to this keyword that contain downloadable images.

<figure><img src="/files/DnRpPH3R2lp6AtYu55Ia" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

In this section you will find three examples of how to narrow down your search results using the Filter function:

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/j1R6qunnlc0zxBJP3q4v" %}
[Filter by Alias](/navigating-and-searching/filter-function/filter-by-alias)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/uNQUTPzUXeoEpEGfH8va" %}
[Filter by Medium](/navigating-and-searching/filter-function/filter-by-medium)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/mJXBS4lqcLEMko55ji2g" %}
[Filter by Location](/navigating-and-searching/filter-function/filter-by-location)
{% endcontent-ref %}


# Filter by Alias

## Filter search results to find Antique Monuments that are associated with the names 'Mars' and 'Caesar.'

1. Using the Advanced Search, search for all the Antique Monuments with the word Mars in the **Name** field. As you can read in the bottom left corner, the search results in 135 records in total.
2. Now open the Filter menu using the button on the top left above the results. A column appears on the left-hand side of the screen.

<div align="left"><figure><img src="/files/LJv3M4VgcfHpi14wf8cH" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

3. Under the subheading **Aliases**, all alternative names associated with the search results are listed. Among them is also the subset of the alias 'Ceasar,' which includes 2 records.

<div align="left"><figure><img src="/files/z4KTJQBKN3nId1zNunxg" alt="" width="237"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>


# Filter by Medium

## Filter search results to find all engravings associated with the antique statue of *Spinario*&#x20;

1. Use **Advanced Search** to find all Postclassical Works linked to the antique *Spinario* in the Musei Capitolini, Rome. Detailed instructions on how to perform this type of search can be found [here](/navigating-and-searching/examples-of-typical-searches/find-records-related-to-a-specific-antique-monument).
2. Open the Filter function.
3. In the Filter menu, under the heading **Media (visual)**, search for and select the subgroup 'Print: engraving'.
4. 5 records appear.

<div align="left"><figure><img src="/files/Ep8110xJ42n6BXR7DIEG" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>


# Filter by Location

## Filter search results to find all Antique Monuments in the Census that are located in the Uffizi Museum in Florence.

1. In the [Sources Menu ](/navigating-and-searching/data-sets-and-sources)(Accessed via the button, 'Choose a Data Set'), select 'Antique Monument' or 'Postclassical Work'), select **Antique Monument** and ensure that **Postclassical Work** is not selected.
2. Hit ENTER to retreive all Antique Monuments in the Census database.
3. Open the Filter and scroll down to **Current Location**.
4. Select Italy, which will open up the regions of Italy. Select Toscana, then the metropolitan area of Firenze, then the city of Firenze, then the museum 'Firenze, Uffizi'.

<figure><img src="/files/vxR3wBr6EZZrt1s1n2zY" alt="" width="347"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

As an alternative method, one could select **Antique Monument** and **Postclassical Work** in the Sources Menu (Accessed via the button 'Choose a Data Set to Search') and hit ENTER. Open the Filter menu, find the **Object Type** subfield and select **Antique Monument.** Then follow steps 3 and 4 above.


# Options for Displaying Search Results

In the selection menu of the results view, you can choose between three different modes of viewing of your search results:

## Standard view

![](/files/58koKH6twWRVZ8IrRwHw)

In the standard view, results are displayed as preview images. This view is particularly suitable for searching for a work of art.

By clicking on the button with three dots on the right-hand side, you can adjust the options in Standard view. The size of the  preview images can be changed by choosing from the options **Mini, Midi, Large,** or **Max**. The format of the preview images can be adjusted by choosing **Fill, Thumbnail,** or **Cover**. The style of the display can be adjusted between the **Overlay, Underlay** or **Sideways** views, while the display of information can be removed by choosing **Without**.&#x20;

Underneath, you can select what information is displayed in the search results. We recommend that  **Standard** is always selected. Note that by selecting large size previews, you are able to select more types of information that can be displayed.&#x20;

At the bottom of the box, the number of displayed **Records per Page** can be adjusted, from a minimum of 10 per page to a maximum of 1,000.

<figure><img src="/files/yhvHO8IHsjhD2pt3ZWup" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Text view

![](/files/gfjDASGWgTdoRbPB184V)

The most important information in the record is displayed in the text view. It is particularly suitable if you want the results of your search to include more  detailed information.

By clicking on the three dots on the right-hand side, you can adjust the display options. Here you can choose which information is included in the search results.&#x20;

Select the number of **Records per Page** to display at the bottom.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/OWFh5mt1yvqk73BaUa9P" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## Table view

![](/files/a1Kdo9lbi1Efo0tRFA56)

The table view shows all information contained in a record in single rows.

By clicking on the three dots on the right-hand side, you can adjust the display options. Here you can choose how information is displayed and which information is included.&#x20;

Select the number of **Records per Page** to display at the bottom.&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/wwB4GEb6ETxI9bM4HdFN" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Sort Function

The **Sort Function** offers you the possibility of sorting the display of your search results according to certain criteria and thus getting a better overview.

The Sort button below the search field can be used to open the sort menu:

<div align="left"><figure><img src="/files/oZsOd6VyrWuIlrArd23h" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

All results are sorted in descending order from the newest to the earliest entries. In addition, you can prioritize different characteristics and select the direction of sorting (ascending or descending). On the left side of the menu list, you can see the search criteria, which you can activate by selecting one of the three priority levels (1st/2nd/3rd). For example, if priority 1 is set to [CensusID](/the-census-database-overview/censusids), the results will then be sorted according to Census IDs. Under **Direction** you can also select whether you want the sorting to be applied in ascending or descending order according to a certain criterion (**Ascending / Descending**). You can then choose which field determines the second and third priority in the overall sorting of your search results.

<figure><img src="/files/Vy7pWnAojlzyIPwdqf4a" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Depending on which object types are activated in the [Sources Menu](/navigating-and-searching/data-sets-and-sources), the list of criteria for the sort function changes. Therefore, pay attention to which selection you have made in the 'Sources' menu.


# Set Hierarchy preferences

The data in the Census is organised [hierarchically](https://docs.census.de/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data): the [Pantheon](https://database.census.de/detail/150770), for example, is a top-level entry that includes numerous sub-entries underneath it (i.e., the cella of the Pantheon, the portico of the Pantheon, etc.). The [Codex Coburgensis](https://database.census.de/#/detail/60684) is a top-level entry that includes all of the pages of the Codex as sub-entries.

When searching the Census, search results are automatically limited to records at the 'top level' of the hierarchy (i.e. the top-level record for the entire Pantheon and the entire Codex Coburgensis). Only records that are at the top level (i.e. they are not subordinate to other records) will appear.

Thus, by searching for the Pantheon, you will not see every subordinate part of the Pantheon displayed, or every page of the Codex Coburgensis appears in the search results for 'Codex Coburgensis'. These results will appear if you [open up the top level entry](https://docs.census.de/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data) to see subordinate records.

You can change this default setting by selecting 'All hierarchy levels' from the drop down hierarchy menu. The search will then result in records from all hierarchy levels. Using 'All hierarchy levels', records may appear more than once in search results, if they are positioned both at the top of a hierarchy and in a subordinate position in a hierarchy.

You can find out more about the hierarchical structure of data in the Census [here](/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data).

<figure><img src="/files/DYoDHtSClobrOKDPLAMB" alt="" width="264"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

\ <br>


# Detail View

{% hint style="warning" %}
IMPORTANT: you can enlarge or reduce the area of the Detail view by moving the mouse over the dividing line between the results display and the Detail view and then dragging it to the left or right. You can also reduce or enlarge the image preview by dragging the bottom of the image up or down.
{% endhint %}

{% hint style="warning" %}
IMPORTANT: it is recommended to always keep the 'Show hierarchy' and the 'Show/hide image preview' buttons in Detail view (<img src="/files/yvW74of8uWvNxTxsEfMj" alt="" data-size="line">) selected, so that you can orient yourself within the hierarchical structure of the data and see the images attached to a particular record.
{% endhint %}

**Detail view** shows the detailed record of an object, i.e., all collected metadata for an object. To view a specific record from your search results in 'Detail view,' you can double-click on the preview image in the results display. The 'Detail view' then appears in the right-hand column.

When the **Show hierarchy** button is selected (<img src="/files/nk1QEIalAxMLA7LrAuUq" alt="" data-size="line">), the hierarchical structure of the data appears on the left, which in the example below allows you to see that the record 'A' is a record subordinate to fol. 05 v of the Taccuino Senese.

When the **Show/hide image preview** button is selected (<img src="/files/CUv5mX8JIaC3DrNPG7Dd" alt="" data-size="line">), the image attached to the record appears in the preview window.

<figure><img src="/files/DUmtTVW3xFv9o4aI8X4Y" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Detail View Menu Bar

The **Detail view** of a record offers various functions that can be activated via the buttons in the top menu bar.

1. The left button shows the hierarchical structure of the object in the current detail view. Read more about the hierarchical structure of the Census data records [here](/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data).

<figure><img src="/files/e8JGwyJreFvXuzN9azeA" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

2. Using the second button on the left side, you can switch the [Image Preview](/navigating-and-searching/detail-view/image-preview-and-full-screen-image-view) on and off.

<figure><img src="/files/sJcbUBp6w2gocK7Ly0MW" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

3. To download an image, click the first button on the right side. Please note that this only appears if the record contains an image available for download. For more on downloading images, see [here](/navigating-and-searching/detail-view/downloading-images).

<figure><img src="/files/IASLGfESTfFojWTgQSnn" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

4. Using the middle button on the right side, you can switch directly to the full-screen mode of the image display. Here, you can see the image in full resolution and enlarge it. You can also browse through the gallery to see other images displayed in the current search.

<figure><img src="/files/akzQYoDQoGZZL74J6G3L" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

5. The button on the far-right side can be used to access additional functions via a menu window. More information on these functions can be found in the sections on [Change History](/navigating-and-searching/detail-view/change-history), [Searching using Detail View](broken://pages/6ci1lbI4bDkLosxcPedS),  [Downloading Images](/navigating-and-searching/detail-view/downloading-images), and [Printing PDFs](/navigating-and-searching/detail-view/printing-pdfs).

<figure><img src="/files/JpiIWAWfR9KnvsVDU8rA" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Image Preview and Full-Screen Image View

{% hint style="info" %}
Note: You can enlarge or reduce the image preview box using drag-and-drop at the bottom of the panel &#x20;
{% endhint %}

By default, the **Detail view** appears with an image preview if image files are available for the record in the Census. You can switch this on and off independently via the preview button:

<figure><img src="/files/eQRizj3HnN1dPuGNgpFI" alt="" width="477"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

If there are multiple images for a record, you can browse through them by navigating the buttons on the lower right of the preview field:&#x20;

<figure><img src="/files/wvXTv4hmTRXZ08jUr41B" alt="" width="328"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

You can also zoom into the image in the preview by using your mouse or by clicking on the magnifying glass in the upper right corner. An icon for zooming in and out will then appear in the top left corner (see image). You can then navigate the area you wish to look closer at with the mouse.

<figure><img src="/files/WDVVQfGqHBSUQVZUZkY8" alt="" width="279"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

To enter full-screen mode, click on the magnifying glass icon at the top right and then on the full-screen button that then appears to its left (see image below). The 'X' in the upper right-hand corner takes you back to the normal view of the image preview.

<figure><img src="/files/Ko6uckPJ1nEjAmHZyxsK" alt="" width="325"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

To access the full-screen mode directly, click the middle button with the icon in the **Detail view** menu bar:

<figure><img src="/files/xRBZXsTTJgLSQYfrKysR" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Here you can see the image in full resolution and enlarge it. You can also browse through the gallery to see other images displayed in the current search.

<figure><img src="/files/7pkODigesR8qKwhHaPzj" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Downloading Images

{% hint style="warning" %}
IMPORTANT: Please note that specific [copyrights and licenses ](/using-census-data/image-copyrights)apply to all image files available via the Census database.  Further information about the source of the image and the license can be found in [Image Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/comments/image-records) and in the green Tags.&#x20;
{% endhint %}

There are three different methods you can use to download images.&#x20;

### **Method 1**

1. Click the first button on the right side of the Menu bar in Detail view. Please note that this button only functions if the record contains an image available for download:

<figure><img src="/files/Znke3MR8kf6BZWCynma8" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

2. The respective license and copyright will then appear, and request you to confirm the terms of use.
3. Choose the size of the image download before clicking on the **Download** button in the lower right corner.

### Method 2

Another way of accessing the **Download Images** command is through the **Detail view** menu bar.&#x20;

1. Select the three dots on the right-hand side of the menu bar:

<figure><img src="/files/GJSxIBtzJsF3aQQj1dtE" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

2. Select **Download**.
3. The respective license and copyright will then appear, and you will be requested to confirm the terms of use.
4. Choose the size of the image download before clicking on the **Download** button in the lower right corner

### **Method 3**

You can also download records from the preview menu.&#x20;

1. After you conduct a search, click on one of the results that is tagged with the green tag 'Record includes images available for download'.&#x20;
2. Click on the download button on the upper right corner of the preview menu. Here you will see the download icon along with the number of downloadable images that are attached to the record:

<div align="left"><figure><img src="/files/e8YT7WkrnvYKNoAxpDpd" alt="" width="312"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

3. The respective license and copyright will then appear, and you will be requested to confirm the terms of use.
4. Choose the size of the image download before clicking on the **Download** button in the lower right corner.


# Change History

You can find the **Change History** of a particular record by clicking on the three dots on the right-hand side of the **Detail view** menu bar:

<div align="center"><figure><img src="/files/zAWNgNJ18hQheUPq5b8e" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

Then select **Change History**:

<div align="center"><figure><img src="/files/ZbtVYtffQOjDRUgkN3mg" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

You will then see all the changes that have been made to the record in the Census Database.&#x20;

On 2023-01-16, all content of the Census Database was migrated to the current FYLR interface. If the record you are viewing was inserted before the migration, go to the first entry in the Change History to view when the record was first included in the Census Database.

Here, you will find data on the previous changes made to the record (changes made before 2023-01-16). The date when these changes were made, the name of the person who made the changes, the action taken, and notes on the changes made are displayed.

<figure><img src="/files/5nLMeH5sAMIquL23SeNx" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

To view the record history, current and previous versions, activate 'Mark Changes' by checking the box. The corresponding color codes will then show if any information has been changed, added, or deleted.

<div align="center"><figure><img src="/files/LkGIDnbd6JEYOie4OPms" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

Another way of accessing change history is to [print individual records as PDFs](/navigating-and-searching/detail-view/printing-pdfs), checking the 'change history' box. For each record you print, you will see its full change history.


# Printing PDFs

You can print a **PDF** of a record in 'Detail view' by selecting the three dots at the end of the menu bar:

<figure><img src="/files/EZVT5LU3e1t042B2z2FA" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Then select 'Print':

<div align="center"><figure><img src="/files/SDt0ZXIY9eIKcuIrKJlj" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

A window will open where you can customize the print settings (title, layout, image resolution and size, etc.). A PDF version of the record can then be printed out or saved.

You can also check the 'Include Change History' box to print the record's change history.

<figure><img src="/files/HAh6EZJ26rtPgFBTUyWK" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Viewing Metadata in Detail View

The metadata of an object in **Detail view** varies according to the record and its respective **Object Type**. Further information on which metadata can be seen for which Object Type is found [here](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records).

In general, however, all records in the Detail view have the following basic structure. Below the image preview, the official name of the object appears in black letters. If the object is hierarchically subordinate to another object, the parent object appears above the name in gray font (for more on the hierarchical structure of various Object Types, see [here](/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data)). Below the name of the object are the [Object Type](/the-census-database-overview/the-census-data-model) and the [CensusID](/the-census-database-overview/censusids). Below this, all metadata for the object is displayed. The structure of the metadata varies depending on the Object Type.

<figure><img src="/files/R3n3TBioY0uvq007Tuql" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>


# Data in the Census Records

Here you will find detailed information on the core data of the Census for each of the Object Types.&#x20;

The following offers further information about the data provided in the [Detail view:](/navigating-and-searching/detail-view)

**Primary Object Types:**

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/xgA4xGFbFp2KWqVhSEmv" %}
[Antique Monument Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/Ky1KmP0clCWYPp60RDeO" %}
[Postclassical Work Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

**Secondary Object Types:**

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/NWBQTJ7SqisONSN6tCdr" %}
[Period Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/period-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/UnTV5SOdnG5cLMN6OHzm" %}
[Image Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/comments/image-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/pRETqeyDsPkQoQllZMfh" %}
[Location Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/location-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/VlFd1gLbgw1ohlRH3sT9" %}
[Style Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/style-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/l4dUcV6cbshYCPtAsc9f" %}
[Person Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/person-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/GWkzrTMzxprKz9Z9Z92S" %}
[Bibliography Records](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/bibliography-records)
{% endcontent-ref %}


# Antique Monument Records

The **Name** of the Antique Monument appears in bold font in the heading followed by the **Object Type** (Antique Monument) and the [CensusID](/the-census-database-overview/censusids). If the object is hierarchically subordinate to another object, the hierarchically superordinate structure appears in gray above the title (you can read more about the hierarchical structure of the Census data [here](/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data)).

Below this is the pool in which the record is kept (this is always Census).

Underneath, tags may appear. The tags indicate if there are images attached to this record that are available for [Download](/navigating-and-searching/detail-view/downloading-images).

<figure><img src="/files/1a05HuTrXi9pnSpjULyi" alt="" width="375"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

If an Antique Monument is hierarchically subordinate to another monument (e.g., a column base which is part of a temple), the parent monument, the so-called father entry, is displayed in the **Parent entry** field.  To access the Parent entry, click on the row of three dots to the left of the thumbnail image. Then select **Open Full Record** to show the Parent entry in Detail view, or **Show in Quick View** to view the Parent entry in a pop-up window. Note that in this example, the Parent entry is the ancient site where the column base was originally located (the Forum Pacis). The current location of the object, the cloister of San Giovanni in Laterano, is provided in the [Overview](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/overview) section of the record.&#x20;

Below, the **Main Antique Monument** field shows whether the current monument is the main monument or not. In this example, the main antique monument is the Forum Pacis, not the Decorated base from the Forum Pacis.

The **Name** field is used to specify the primary name of the Antique Monument. **Aliases** or alternative names for the Antique Monument are provided in the [Overview](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/overview) section.

Underneath you will find the following fields, which are explained in further detail in this section:

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/BcbxEFt6LsVbgsUdTHms" %}
[Overview](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/overview)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/y1xamPMJVxBsO2sCPXF4" %}
[Description](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/description)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/FH8miAt0T8kXvmt0xt73" %}
[History](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/history)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/CGEZR6Eyup6A7DrMiiIM" %}
[Provenance](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/provenance)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/XISHDGNlPjG4t9PMvkrk" %}
[Relationships](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/relationships)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/lWCDAqIygC7dyA5MRnTp" %}
[References](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/references)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/NoAJHYYaZOdUWlDDXVr7" %}
[Comments](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/comments)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/Vt1VWGPLZlBAWgK0F6Md" %}
[Images](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/images)
{% endcontent-ref %}

&#x20;


# Overview

In **Overview**, you will find an overview of the most important metadata for the selected monument. In the following paragraphs, further information on each individual data field in this section is provided.

**Contributing Project:** If the data record was created within the framework of one of the Census cooperation projects, this is indicated by name under 'Contributing Project.' You can read more about the Census cooperation projects [here](/the-census-database-overview/partner-projects-of-the-census-database).

**Aliases:** Alternative names for the selected monument, which are found in various external sources. The corresponding **Source(s)** using the 'Alias' field shows the source for the respective alias used.

**Current Location:** The Current Location indicates the current location of the Antique Monument, e.g., a museum or a public place. The Current Location links to records of the object type **Location,** which are structured [hierarchically](/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data). Above the 'Current Location,' which is displayed in black, you will find the subordinate locations highlighted in gray. In the case illustrated below, the Antique Monument 'Roma, Regio V, S. Giovanni in Laterano' is subordinate to the fifth region of Rome 'Roma, Regio V (Esquiliae),' then to the city Roma, then to the province Roma, then to the region Lazio, then to the country Italy.

<figure><img src="/files/9uf9D5WQqfSdnKWufcMJ" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

**Subdivision:** Here, you can find supplementary information about the monument's current location, such as, for example, a section of a particular museum.

**Identifiers:** identifiers for the Antique Monument are specified here. Identifiers are numbers or combinations of numbers and letters that uniquely identify an object. Typical examples are a museum collection's inventory numbers or a digital library's standard metadata. The 'Identifier' field specifies the identifier, usually a number, while the associated **Type** specifies the type of this identifier (e.g., 'inventory number,' etc.). Under **Identifier Source**, the source or institution from which the respective identifier originates is specified.&#x20;

&#x20;


# Description

Under **Description**, the Antique Monument is described in more detail in terms of its form, materials, content, and state of preservation.&#x20;

The **Class** field specifies the class to which the monument belongs. The class is the primary artistic medium of the monument, such as architecture, sculpture, painting, mosaic, numismatics, etc.

Data is provided under **Uncertainty** if the assignment of the class is doubted by experts. This doubt is indicated as an **Uncertainty** (Uncertainty field) and who expressed it (**Person attributing Uncertainty** field). In the comment column (**Comment**) reasons or other comments are given regarding doubts about the class of the monument.

The **Type** field specifies the artistic medium of the monument. For example, a painting is described here more precisely as a mural or a sculptural object as a sarcophagus.

> Data is provided under **Uncertainty** if the assignment of the type is doubted by experts. This doubt is indicated as an **Uncertainty** (Uncertainty field) and who expressed it (**Person attributing Uncertainty** field). In the comment column (**Comment**), reasons or other comments are given regarding doubts about the type of the monument.

Under **Materials**, the material of the monument is indicated, such as marble, wood or terracotta.

> Data is provided under **Uncertainty** if the assignment of the materials is doubted by experts. This doubt is indicated as an **Uncertainty** (Uncertainty field) and who expressed it (**Person attributing Uncertainty** field). In the comment column (**Comment**), reasons or other comments are given regarding doubts about the materials of the monument.

In the **Condition** field, you will find information on the past and present condition of the monument.

> Under **State**, an indication is given of the state of the Antique Monument, such as 'damaged' or 'restored.' Several entries are possible here. Under **When First Known or in Present**, the time of this state is indicated so that data about the condition of the Antique Monument in these two different time periods can be represented.

> Data is provided under **Uncertainty** if the state is doubted by experts. This doubt is indicated as an **Uncertainty** (Uncertainty field) and who expressed it (**Person attributing Uncertainty** field). In the comment column (**Comment**), reasons or other comments are given regarding doubts about the state of the monument.

The **Reasons for Observation** field lists the reasons for documenting the condition of the ancient monument, such as 'excavated' or 'described in ancient literature.'

> Data is provided under **Uncertainty** if the reasons for observation are doubted by experts. This doubt is indicated as an **Uncertainty** (Uncertainty field) and who expressed it (**Person attributing Uncertainty** field). In the comment column (**Comment**), reasons or other comments are given regarding doubts about the reasons for observation.

Under **Sources,** the sources for the condition descriptions of the Antique Monument are indicated. The first line shows the reference. The **Earliest Date** and **Latest Date** fields delimit the possible period of dating of the reference. The field **Falls within Period** indicates the associated time period of this reference for the state.&#x20;

The **Actors Involved** field shows the people who have been involved in the condition of the monument in a specific way, such as a restorer. The name of the person appears in the **Actor** field, and their specific role is indicated in the **Actor Role** field.

**Originality:** This field indicates whether the monument is an original or a replica. This field usually only concerns the sculpture class.

> Data is provided under **Uncertainty** if the originality of the Antique Monument is doubted by experts. This doubt is indicated as an **Uncertainty** (Uncertainty field) and who expressed it (**Person attributing Uncertainty** field). In the comment column (**Comment**), reasons or other comments are given regarding doubts about the Antique Monument's originality.

**Uncertainty regarding Identification**: If there are doubts regarding the identification of the Antique Monument on the part of experts, these are indicated here. The extent to which doubts exist (**Uncertainty** field) and the persons who expressed them (**Person attributing Uncertainty** field) are then displayed. In the comment column (**Comment**), reasons or other comments concerning doubts regarding the identification of the monument are given.

**Number:** The number given here describes the number of all objects identical to the current object that have been preserved. This concerns, for example, the identical columns of a façade. These columns are not all modeled as individual records in the Census but are combined in one record with their respective number indicated.

**Descriptive Details:** This text field provides a detailed description of the monument using keywords. All significant visual and/or architectural elements are listed.&#x20;

**Authority List:** Standard data from authority files are displayed here. The [**Authority**](/the-census-database-overview/authority-data) field indicates the respective institution from which the data originate, while the reference is indicated in the 'Identifier' field.&#x20;

**Dimensions:** Here, you will find measurements of the monument. In **Measurements,** these are given as free text (e.g., height: 203 cm).&#x20;

\*\*\* Should the note on how measurements are given as free text be, as not all records have consistently been added in the specific measurements field?


# History

Under **History,** you will find a chronology of various events in the history of the monument, documenting its creation and changes to the monument related to its excavation, restoration, destruction or other events.&#x20;

You will find information about the **creation** of the monument and its **style** in the **Creation Events** field.

> Under **Creation Date,** you will find information about the creation or origin of the Antique Monument. The field **Date** indicates the time period in which the creation of the monument falls. In the field **Attribution of Date,** it is stated whether the date of creation can be attributed to an Early Modern source or is the commonly-accepted date of creation according to present-day experts.&#x20;
>
> The **Earliest Date** and **Latest Date** fields narrow down the date of creation by giving a range of dates for the presumed period of origin. You may find in the field **References or Sources** below references for the attribution of the date. Under **Location,** information about the place of origin of the monument is given. In addition to the field **Location,** the field **Attribution of Location** indicates whether the location was attributed in the Early Modern period or is the generally-accepted location of creation in the present. In the field **References or Sources** below, you will find bibliographical references related to the determination of the location, if applicable. The **Actors Involved in Creation** field provides information about those persons who may have been involved in the creation of the monument by assuming various types of roles, for example, as artist of the work or as patron of the work. The name of the person given in the **Actor** field and their role in the creation of the monument is shown in the **Actor Role** field. The **Attribution of Actor Role** field indicates whether the information about the person's involvement in the creation of the monument was attributed in the Early Modern period or represents a generally-accepted opinion in the present. In the field **References or Sources** below, you will find bibliographical references regarding the persons involved, if applicable.
>
> Under **Style,** the style attributed to the Ancient Monument is indicated. For more about Style records, see [here](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/style-records).

Under **Post-Creation Events** you will find information about the events in the history of the excavation, restoration, preservation, and destruction of the monument.

> **Post-Creation Events** lists information about an event in the history of the excavation, restoration or destruction of the Antique Monument. The **Type** field specifies the type of event, e.g., 'partly restored.' Under **Event Date**, the date of this event is specified. The **Date** field gives the date in words. The **Earliest Date** and **Latest Date** fields delimit the period in which the event took place.&#x20;
>
> The fields under **References or Sources** indicate the sources that attest to the event. In addition to bibliographic references (**Bibliographic Reference** field) for this event, **Postclassical Works** or **Antique Monuments** can also be cited as sources. The field **Actors Involved** contains information about persons who may have been involved in various ways in the respective event. A person's name is given in the **Actor** field, and their role in the event is shown in the **Actor Role** field.  In the field **References or Sources** below, you will find bibliographical references related to the involvement of persons, if applicable. In addition, bibliographic references (field **Bibliographic Reference**), **Postclassical Works,** or **Antique Monuments** can also be cited as sources.&#x20;
>
> Under **Location**, information about the location of the particular event is given. The **Location** field indicates the location. In the **References or Sources** field below, you will find bibliographic references for the determination of the location, if applicable.&#x20;
>
> Under **Comments,** you may find comments or notes regarding this event in the post-creation history of the Antique Monument. The **Author of Comment** field indicates the person who wrote the comment or note. The **Earliest Date of Comment** and **Latest Date of Comment** fields delimit the period in which the note was written, specifying the earliest and latest possible dates for this. The actual comment or note appears below this. In the field **References or Sources** below, you will find bibliographic references related to the respective comment. In addition to bibliographic references (**Bibliography** field), **Postclassical Works** or **Antique Monuments** can also appear as sources.&#x20;
>
> The **Uncertainty** field indicates if there is any doubt or ambiguity about the details of an event in the monument's history after its creation. The field **Uncertainty** describes this doubt, and the **Person attributing Uncertainty** indicates the name of the person who has expressed it. In the **Note or Comment** field, uncertainties are described in more detail, if necessary

>


# Provenance

In **Provenance**, the provenance history of the Antique Monument is documented on the basis of individual provenance events.&#x20;

**Provenance History:** under this heading, you will find a list of individual events within the provenance history of the monument.&#x20;

**Event Type:** the type of event is specified here, e.g., an excavation or inclusion in a collection.

> In the **Actors Involved** field, you will find information about persons who were involved in the respective provenance event. In the field **Actor,** the name of the person is displayed, and under **Actor Role,** the role of this person with regard to the event is specified. The **Attribution of Actor Role** field indicates whether this role was attributed in the Early Modern period or represents a current opinion.&#x20;
>
> In the field **References or Sources,** sources are given that support the attribution of persons to this event or their role. These sources can be Postclassical Works (**Postclassical Works** field) as well as bibliographic sources (**Bibliographic Reference** field).

In the field **Date of Provenance Event,** you will find metadata concerning the dating of the provenance event. In the **Date** field, the date is given. The **Earliest Date** and **Latest Date** fields delimit the period in which the event took place. The **Falls within Period** field likewise indicates the time period in which the event falls. The **Attribution of Provenance Event** field indicates whether the attribution of the date of the provenance event took place in the Early Modern period or today.

> In the field **References or Sources,** sources are given that support the date of this event. These sources can be postclassical works (**Postclassical Works** field) as well as bibliographic sources (**Bibliographic Reference** field).

**Location of Provenance Event:** this field displays metadata about the location of the provenance event. In the Location field, the name of the location is given, with records that are superordinate in the hierarchy of the data given above in grey. The field **Attribution of Location** is used to specify whether the location was attributed in the Early Modern period or today.

> In the field **References or Sources,** sources are given that support the location of this event. These sources can be postclassical works (**Postclassical Works** field) as well as bibliographic sources (**Bibliographic Reference** field).

In **Comments** you might find comments from Census editors, which can refer to any part of the  provenance history and which, for example, offer additions or more detailed explanations of the information contained in the record. The comment itself appears in the **Comment** field. You might find data under the **Earliest Date of Comment** and **Latest Date of Comment** fields to indicate when the comment or note was written. In the field **Author of Comment,** the name of the person who wrote the comment or note is given.

Under **References or Sources**, sources that substantiate the information about the accessed provenance history are provided. These can be Postclassical Works (**Postclassical Works** field), bibliographic references (**Bibliographic Reference** field), as well as Antique Monuments (**Antique Monuments** field).


# Relationships

{% hint style="info" %}
To access the records listed under **Relationships**, click on the line with three dots located immediately to the left of the image thumbnail. You can then select either **Open Full Record** to go to the **Detail view** of this record or select **Show in Quick View** to view the record in a pop-up window:&#x20;

![](/files/eluNG3SJ7oVZ3mVJZd7d)
{% endhint %}

Under **Relationships**, records of the object types Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works that are related to the Antique Monument are listed. They are each displayed with a small preview image and their superordinate parent entry, which appears in grey above the title (see image below).

<div align="left"><img src="/files/OiKXZuinuSm4y253iUAn" alt=""></div>

Listed under **Related Postclassical Work(s**) are Postclassical Works that relate to the Ancient Monument, such as drawings or inventories.

Listed under **Related Antique Monument(s)** are Antique Monuments that are related to the accessed Antique Monument. The object is listed in the field **Antique Monument,** and the type of its relationship to the current monument is indicated in the field **Type of Relationship**. 'Original' indicates that the linked monument is the original and the accessed monument is a replica of it. 'Replica' means that the linked Antique Monument is a replica of the accessed Antique Monument. 'Parallel Replica' means that both the accessed Antique Monument and the linked Antique Monument are replicas of one and the same original.

Listed under **Later Known Replicas** are replicas of the current Antique Monument that were created after the antique era. The **Location** field references the current location of the replica.

> Under **Identifiers,** data that identifies the replica are given. The **Identifier** and **Type** fields assign an identifying designation to the object  (e.g., inventory number). In the field **Identifier Used By**, the organization that uses this designation is indicated. Under **Identifier Sources**, sources that substantiate the object's designation are given. These can be Postclassical Works (**Postclassical Works** field), Antique Monuments (**Antique Monuments** field) or bibliographic sources (**Bibliographic Reference** field).
>
> Under **Comments,** you will find any comments pertaining to the replica. The comment itself appears in the **Comment** field. In **Author of Comment,** the person who wrote the comment or note is named. The **Earliest Date of Comment** and **Latest Date of Comment** fields delimit the period in which the comment was written.
>
> Under **Web Resource(s),** internet resources related to the replica are listed. The URL field shows the web address, and the **Title** field gives the name of the internet resource. Under **Images,** image files for the replica are displayed, if applicable.


# References

In **References,** you will find bibliographic information as well as internet resources that are relevant to the accessed Antique Monument or its metadata. References from books, journals, catalogues, etc., are listed under **Bibliographic References.** The text with a grey background indicates the higher-level hierarchical structure of the bibliographic reference.&#x20;

Further information about Bibliography records can be found [here](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/bibliography-records).

Under **Web Resource(s),** relevant internet resources are displayed. The **Title** field gives the name of the associated web resource. Underneath is a clickable link which leads you directly to the resource.


# Comments

In **Comments,** you will find notes from Census editors, which can refer to any part of the record and which, for example, offer additions or more detailed explanations of the information contained in the record. The comment itself appears in the **Comment** field. The **Earliest Date of Comment** and **Latest Date of Comment** fields are used to indicate when the comment or note was written. In the field **Author of Comment**, the name of the person who wrote the comment is given.

\*\*\* Do the different fields under Comment only appear if they have been filled out?


# Image Records

The **Image** Object Type contains image files.&#x20;

Each image file is titled by a number, which is preceded by the letters 'HU' (Humboldt-Universität). If an image is available for download, a green tag will appear at the beginning of the image record, with an indication of the copyright license that governs its usage. More about copyright licenses for images can be found [here](/using-census-data/image-copyrights).

<div align="left"><figure><img src="/files/IXtZbxkz9TF4VTbgb0QC" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div>

Below, in addition to the image source (**Source** field) and the exact copyright information (**Copyright** field), a brief description of the image is also displayed (**Description** field). The **Location** field indicates the digital collection from which the image reproduction was obtained by the Census.&#x20;

Identifiers provide additional metadata that identifies the image file. The **Identifier Content** field indicates the full file name or inventory number of the original file. Under **Identifier Source**, the institution from which the identifier originated is displayed. At the end of the record, under Antique Monument or Postclassical Work, the Antique Monument or Postclassical Work shown in the image is displayed.&#x20;

You can access and search all of the Image records in the Census by clicking on the Image icon on the left-hand menu:

<figure><img src="/files/oH2vhj8vUzsBeYQDSlGu" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

After clicking on the Image icon, you can search all image records using the free-text search field or using Advanced search.


# Images

Under **Images,** image files of the Antique Monument are displayed.&#x20;

For each image file, the name of the file (**Name** field) and the image source (**Source** field) appear below the thumbnail preview image. You will also find identifying information about the image file (in the fields **Identifier Content** and **IdentifierType,** which is here always a negative ID). If applicable, you will also find a short description of what is depicted in the image (**Description** field).

You can also find more detailed explanations about Image records [here](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/comments/image-records).


# Postclassical Work Records

The **Label name** of the Postclassical Work appears in large, dark font and below it, the **Object Type** (Postclassical Work) and the **CensusID**.&#x20;

If the object is subordinate to another object in a hierarchy, the hierarchically superordinate records appear in grey above the title (you can read more about the hierarchical data structure of the Census data [here](/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data)). In this case, plate 86 is a page in the volume 'De' Cavalieri III-IV, 1594'.

<figure><img src="/files/ARzXKMyEhn4rnXROQ9Zw" alt="" width="563"><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

The pool in which the record is kept is then displayed (Census). Below this, if applicable, a tag appears to indicate that images associated with this record are available for [download](/navigating-and-searching/detail-view/downloading-images) in accordance with the relevant [copyright license](/using-census-data/image-copyrights).&#x20;

If the accessed Postclassical Work is hierarchically subordinate to another Postclassical Work, the parent Postclassical Work or father entry is displayed again in the **Parent entry** field.&#x20;

To access the **Parent entry**, click on the line with three dots to the right of the image thumbnail, then select **Open Full Record** to go to the **Detail view** of the parent entry, or select **Show in Quick View** to view the record in a pop-up window.

In the **Label Name** field, the name designating the work is indicated. **Aliases** or alternative names for the Antique Monument are provided in the [Overview](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/overview) section.

Underneath you will find the following fields:

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/YtBgnb7tXgnOwUDARyo7" %}
[Overview](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/overview)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/WvNkygOTuHPZlJ3aawKC" %}
[Description](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/description)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/XnNSk4jBoZXSbHnakIea" %}
[Texts / Transcriptions](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/texts-transcriptions)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/re0tMgA45VCct0ZwpCAH" %}
[Relationships](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/relationships)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/WR1UDL48HkB3lwy0it91" %}
[References](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/references)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/qL8zReUnZ5KmKVdlmxiD" %}
[Comments](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/comments)
{% endcontent-ref %}

{% content-ref url="/spaces/QXkdVwY1QIoMKRN8Omas/pages/KlrQ596jljNqEy8WlGvv" %}
[Images](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records/images)
{% endcontent-ref %}


# Overview

In **Overview** you will find an overview of the most important metadata of the selected Postclassical Work. All data fields in this section are explained in detail below.&#x20;

**Contributing Project:** If the dataset was contributed by a collaborating project, the project is indicated under **Contributing Project**. You can read more about collaborating projects [here](/the-census-database-overview/partner-projects-of-the-census-database).&#x20;

In the **Creation** field, various information about the creation of the Postclassical Work is listed.&#x20;

Under **Creation Date,** you will find information about the date of the creation of the work. The **Date** field shows the date. The **Earliest Date** and **Latest Date** fields show the earliest and latest dates of the period in which the Postclassical Work was created. The **Falls within Period** field indicates the time period in which the Postclassical Work was created.&#x20;

> In the **Sources or References** field below, you will find sources relevant to the dating, if applicable. These can be bibliographic references (listed in the field **Bibliographic Reference**), but also Postclassical Works and Antique Monuments (in the fields **Postclassical Work** and **Antique Monument**).&#x20;
>
> Under **Location,** you will find information about the place of the creation of the Postclassical Work. The **Location** field indicates the place of origin. &#x20;
>
> Under **Actors Involved in Creation,** you will find information about the persons who were involved in the creation of the Postclassical Work. The **Actor** field gives the name of the person involved. The **Actor Role** field indicates the role of this person in the creation of the work (e.g., artist/author).&#x20;
>
> **Sources or References** lists sources for determining the place of creation.

**Location:** The Location field indicates the current location of the Postclassical Work, such as a museum or private collection. The Location field links to records of the object type **Location**, which are structured hierarchically (other parts of the user manual describe the [hierarchical structure ](/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data)of the Census data and [Location ](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/location-records)records in further detail). Above the current location, which is displayed in black, locations above it shown with a grey background (see image) indicate the superordinate location records. In this example, the Albertina Museum is identified as a location called 'Wien, Albertina.' This location is subordinate in the hierarchical structure of the Census data to the city of Wien, which is subordinate to the Federal State of Wien, which is subordinate to the country Austria.

<div align="left"><img src="/files/QdTMrS6pgH7ZNrgPGB75" alt=""></div>

**Publication:** If the Postclassical Work is also a publication, for example, in the case of a sixteenth-century engraving published in a book or a description published as part of a sixteenth-century guidebook, the publication is given here in the form of a bibliographic reference.

**Aliases:** Aliases are alternative names for the accessed work.


# Description

Under **Description**, the Postclassical Work is described in more detail with information, for example, concerning the medium, method of representation, and dimensions. These fields are described below.

**Dimensions:** Here, you will find measurements of the monument. In **Measurements,** these are given as a free text (e.g., height: 203 cm).&#x20;

**Watermark**: if the Postclassical Work is a work on paper with a watermark, information about the watermark is given here.&#x20;

**Type of Work**: this field provides information on the type of work, such as book of drawings.

Depending on whether the type of work is textual or visual, further specifications are given under **Media (textual)** (for example, inventory, itinerary, or letter) or **Media (visual)** (for example, drawing or print)**.**


# Texts / Transcriptions

If the accessed Postclassical Work contains written notes, page numbering, inscriptions, or more extensive sections of text, these texts are transcribed in the **Texts / Transcriptions** section.&#x20;

The **Transcription** field contains the transcription of the written element of the postclassical work.

In the field **Type of Text** the type of this textual element is described (e.g., foliation, measurement, identification, description, etc.). The field **Position** indicates the position within the work (e.g., 'top left corner' or 'at the right margin').

In the field **URL,** an internet source for the transcription is given, if available.&#x20;

In **Comments,** you will find notes from Census editors, which can refer to any part of the transcription and which, for example, offer additions or more detailed explanations. The comment itself appears in the **Comment** field. The **Earliest Date of Comment** and **Latest Date of Comment** fields are used to indicate when the comment or note was written. In the field **Author of Comment**, the name of the person who wrote the comment is given.


# Relationships

{% hint style="info" %}
To access the records listed under Relationships, click on the line with three dots located immediately to the left of the image thumbnail. You can then select either 'Open Full Record' to go to the Detail view of this record, or select 'Show in Quick View' to view the record in a pop-up window:&#x20;

![](/files/eluNG3SJ7oVZ3mVJZd7d)
{% endhint %}

Under **Relationships**, records of the object types Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works that are related to the Postclassical work are listed. They are each displayed with a small preview image and their superordinate parent entry, which appears in grey above the title (see image below).

![](/files/M9W4Xu8hXGljeRQUNbMp)

Listed under **Related Antique Monument(s)** are Antique Monuments that relate to the accessed Postclassical Work.&#x20;

Listed under **Related Postclassical Work(s**) are Postclassical Work that relate to the accessed Postclassical Work.

Under **Relation Type**, the nature of the relationship is described. For example, other Postclassical Works can refer to the same Antique Monument as the accessed Postclassical Work. These relationships are described as 'Parallel Copy.' In addition, a Postclassical Work may itself have served as a model or archetype for other Postclassical Work, for example, in the case of a print that was copied several times. These copies are then listed here as 'Copies.' If the accessed Postclassical Work is a copy of another Postclassical work, this Postclassical Work is related to the accessed Postclassical Work as an 'archetype'.


# References

In **References,** you will find bibliographic information as well as internet resources that are relevant to the accessed Postclassical Work or its metadata. References from books, journals, catalogues, etc., are listed under **Bibliographic References.** The text with a grey background indicates the higher-level hierarchical structure of the bibliographic reference.&#x20;

Further information about the data in Bibliographic References can be found [here](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/bibliography-records).

Under **Web Resource(s),** relevant internet resources are displayed. The **Title** field gives the name of the associated web resource. Underneath is a clickable link that leads you directly to the resource.


# Comments

In **Comments,** you will find notes from Census editors, which can refer to any part of the record and which, for example, offer additions or more detailed explanations of the information contained in the record. The comment itself appears in the **Comment** field. The **Earliest Date of Comment** and **Latest Date of Comment** fields are used to indicate when the comment or note was written. In the field **Author of Comment**, the name of the person who wrote the comment is given.


# Images

Under **Images,** image files of the Postclassical Work are displayed.&#x20;

For each image file, the name of the file (**Name** field) and the image source (**Source** field) appear below the thumbnail preview image. You will also find identifying information about the image file (in the fields **Identifier Content** and **Identifier Type,** which is here always a negative ID). If applicable, you will also find a short description of what is depicted in the image (**Description** field).

You can also find more detailed explanations about Image records [here](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records/comments/image-records).


# Period Records

The data records of the secondary object type **Period** contain metadata for different time spans or points in time.&#x20;

Each **Period** record contains the following information.  The **Name** field reflects the time span or point in time. The **Date from** and **Date to** fields reflect the start and end dates of the period, respectively. The start and end dates are the same if it is a point in time. Under **Types,** the type of period is specified (e.g., time span, month, day). You may find additional comments by the Census editors under **Comments** regarding the current entry.&#x20;

You can access and search all of the Period records in the Census by clicking on the Period icon on the left-hand side bar:

<figure><img src="/files/l2pIGhs5tL2dCrn4FCIb" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

After clicking on the Period icon, you can search all period records using the free-text search field or using Advanced search.


# Location Records

The **Location** Object Type includes records for various locations such as countries, cities, museums, or private collections.&#x20;

Each record contains information about alternative names of the location (**Aliases** field), the type of the location (**Type** field, e.g., archive, collection, or part of a building), persons related to the location (**Related Person(s)** field), the nature of this connection (**Relationship** field) as well as the geocoordinates of the location, if applicable, in the fields **Latitude** and **Longitude**.&#x20;

In addition, a location may be subdivided into several buildings, which are then listed in the **Buildings** field, if applicable. In addition, so-called identifiers, i.e., authority files or institutional designations for the identification of the location, are specified under the **Authority Lists** field (more information on Authority data can be found [here](/the-census-database-overview/authority-data)). The **Antique Monument** and **Postclassical Work** fields list those antique monuments and postclassical works that are currently located at the Location.

The records in **Location** are organized [hierarchically](/the-census-database-overview/the-hierarchical-structure-of-the-census-data). For example, museums are subordinate to the cities in which they are located, and the cities, in turn, are subordinate to the countries in which they are located. The hierarchical levels can be seen above the title of the location and are also displayed in the parent entry field:

<figure><img src="/files/2W1NjGdTZxkNrFPOD8MV" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

You can access and search all of the Location records in the Census by clicking on the Location icon on the left-hand menu:

<figure><img src="/files/vatWjtfCrKMfACKr2k8c" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

After clicking on the Location icon, you can search all location records using the free-text search field or using Advanced search.


# Style Records

Records for the various antique style periods are collected under the secondary Object Type **Style** and linked to the Antique Monument Object Type entries. Individual entries contain metadata such as the name (**Name** field) and the time period of the style epoch. This time period is indicated by the **Date** (**Beginning**) and **Date (End**) fields.&#x20;

The **Antique Monument** field lists the Antique Monuments in the Census that are associated with the respective style period.

You can access and search all of the Style records in the Census by clicking on the Style icon on the left-hand menu:

<figure><img src="/files/9e3DssuJXESa40zIL35E" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

After clicking on the Style icon, you can search all style records using the free-text search field or using Advanced search.


# Person Records

The **Person** Object Type records provide information about a specific person, such as the location and dates of the person's birth and death (under **Birth Event** and **Death Event** fields, respectively). **Person** records may also contain alternative names for the person (**Alias** field), comments about the person (**Comments** field), Authority data about the person (**Authority Lists** field), and the Antique Monuments and/or Postclassical Works with which the person is associated (**Antique Monument** and **Postclassical Work** fields, respectively).&#x20;

The records of the Object type 'Person' can be attached to records of the Object types [Antique Monuments](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/antique-monument-records), [Postclassical Works](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/postclassical-work-records), and [Locations](/using-census-data/data-in-the-census-records/location-records), where persons are identified as actors.

You can access and search all of the Person records in the Census by clicking on the Person icon on the left-hand menu:

<figure><img src="/files/o1Cu2TzC73CVGJNSUaex" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

After clicking on the Person icon, you can search all person records using the free-text search field or using Advanced search.


# Bibliography Records

The secondary Object Type **Bibliography** are records with bibliographic information linked to the primary object types, Antique Monuments and Postclassical Works.&#x20;

In addition to entire books, individual essays, or postclassical sources such as codices or manuscripts, records in 'Bibliography' also include online resources such as entries in online collections. In addition, specific text passages are treated as independent records in the database.

Each bibliographic reference is then identified by a [CensusID.](/the-census-database-overview/censusids)&#x20;

The records in 'Bibliography' are organized in a hierarchical structure. The parent bibliographic source of each record is highlighted in gray and appears above the record title and in the record field Parent entry. The specific page number or catalogue entry of the bibliographic reference (**Short Citation** field) is displayed below, followed by the full version of the bibliographic reference (**Full Citation** field).

If applicable, associated Antique Monuments or Postclassical Works, image files, and supplementary comments by the Census editors are also displayed in the Bibliography records (in the fields **Antique Monument**, **Postclassical Work**, **Image**, and **Comments**).

Finally, the entry provides information on the date when the bibliographic record was first inserted (**Date inserted** field).

<figure><img src="/files/oSe9TPYKwZrfLIRZJL7x" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

You can access and search all of the Bibliography records in the Census by clicking on the bibliography icon on the left-hand menu:

<figure><img src="/files/OdX6gBxbY0ojot7IF8Uc" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

After clicking on the Bibliography icon, you can search all bibliography records using the free-text search field or using Advanced search.




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